中文摘要：

超声波金属焊接具有低温、低压及低能耗的加工优点,可用于埋入智能单元光纤布拉格光栅传感器（FBG）,制备3D智能金属结构.而在埋入金属基体过程中FBG易应力失效.采用复合镀镍方法对FBG进行预保护,基于金属化FBG（MFBG）使用超声波焊接工艺埋入至厚度300 μm的AA6061铝基体中,以获得3D智能金属结构.结果表明：超声波焊接下MFBG可埋入铝基体中;对超声波焊接制备的3D智能金属结构进行了温度传感与透射谱检测分析,温度灵敏度提高了1倍多,且温度传感线性度较好,有效抑制了温度交叉敏感性;埋入铝基体后FBG谐振谱布拉格峰出现了蓝移与峰值损耗降低.

英文摘要：

The low temperature,low pressure and low energy consumption employed in ultrasonic metal welding make it suitable for embedding optical fiber gratings （fiber Bragg gratings,FBG） in the fabrication of three-dimensional smart metal structure.However,FBG sensors embedded in metal matrices are easily stress failure.A preliminary protect method is therefore presented for the metallization of FBG by the combination of electroless nickel plating and electro nickel plating,followed by embedding the metallized FBG （MFBG） in a 300 μm thick aluminum alloy 6061 matrix in order to fabricate smart metal structures.Experimental results show that MFBG can embed the aluminum matrix using ultrasonic welding.The temperature sensing properties and transmission spectra of three-dimensional smart metal structures fabricated in this way are analyzed,and the results show the temperature sensitivity has been improved two-fold.Also,the temperature sensing shows good linearity,and the temperature cross-sensitivity has been effectively controlled.The Bragg peaks blue-shift and reduce peak consumption after being embedded in the aluminum alloy matrix composite.