中文摘要：

以掺氮空心碳球（N-HCS）为骨架，通过化学氧化聚合法制备了聚苯胺纳米刺／掺氮空心碳球复合材料（PANI／N—HCS），采用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和红外光谱仪等对样品的形貌、结构等进行了表征．采用循环伏安、计时电位和交流阻抗等方法在1mol／LH：SO。水溶液中考察了材料的电化学性能．结果表明，PANI／N—HCS具有良好的电化学性能，在0．5A／g电流密度下，PANI／N—HCS的比电容达346F／g；当电流密度为20A／g时，PANI／N—HCS比电容值为228F／g，电容保持率为66％；在5A／g电流密度下，经1000次充放电循环后，电容保持率为76％．

英文摘要：

Polyaniline/nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres （PANI/N-HCS） nanocomposites were prepared via in situ polymerization of nano-sized polyaniline thorns on the surface of nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres. The morphology and structure of PANI/N-HCS were characterized by SEM, TEM and FFIR, respec- tively. The electrochemical capacitive behavior of PANI/N-HCS was investigated by cyclic vohammetry, chro- nopotentiometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 1 mol/L H2SO4 solution. The specific capaci- tance of PANI/N-HCS is 346 F/g at 0. 5 A/g, which is higher than that of each individual component. In addition, PANI/N-HCS shows excellent power characteristics： the specific capacitance is as high as 228 F/g when the current density increases to 20 A/g, and the specific capacitance retains 66% compared to that of 0. 5 A/g. The specific capacitance retains 76% after 1000 charge-discharge cycles.