中文摘要：

本文基于系统可观性理论，首先对一次观测条件下热网阻力特性系数的可观性进行了分析，确定了线性条件下阻力特性系数可观的充要条件。而后用链支流量向量表示所有管段流量向量，得到一种优化的监测点布置方案，根据该方案可在一次观测条件下辨识得到管网所有管段的阻力特性系数，且流量测点布置得到了较大优化。

英文摘要：

In this paper, based on the observability theory of cybernetics, the identification mathematic model for resistance coefficient of heat-supply network was established. And then,by analyzing the observability of resistance coefficient under one-off observation condition, the sufficient and necessary conditions for the observability of resistance coefficient were confirmed. Furthermore, when the flow array of all pipes was represented by the flow array of link branches, an optimal scheme of measuring points＇ arrartgement could be obtained. With this scheme, the resistance coefficients for all pipes could be identified.