中文摘要：

目的：探讨哺乳动物针毛横断面的快速简易的制作方法,从毛发横断面上观察毛发微观结构。方法：取新疆部分哺乳动物（马鹿塔里木亚种Cervus elaphus yarkandensis,藏羚羊Pantholops hodgsoni,野双峰驼Camelus bactrianus,狍子Capreolus capreolus）的毛发,先将其清洗然后经浸蜡、包埋、切片、染色、封片等一系列过程的研究,得发毛横断面。结果：各动物毛发微观结构差异显著：马鹿塔里木亚种,毛皮质极薄,毛髓质占大多数;藏羚羊,由若干多边行空囊组成,内部中空;野双峰驼,毛皮质与毛髓质所占比例相当;狍子,毛皮质约占2/3,毛髓质约占1/3。结论：为利用哺乳动物毛发进行种属鉴定奠定一定科学理论基础。

英文摘要：

Objective： The research aimed to induce the rapid and simple methods for hairs transverse section of mammal,and the hair microstructure would be accelerated by the discoveries of more detailed information of the hairs transverse section.Methods： In this experiment,the hairs of some mammals in Xinjiang（Tarim Red Deer,Tibetan antelope,Wlid two-humped camel and Roe deer） were studied. Based on the research of cleaning,saturated paraffin,embedding,section and dye of hairs of those mammals,the paper presented the methods of paraffin section on it. Results： There did existed dramatic differences in the microstructure of those mammalian hairs： Tarim Red Deer, the cortex layer were very thin and the medullary layer were in the majority; Tibetan antelope, the hairs were composed of some polygonal vacuole and were hollow inside; Wlid two- humped camel, the cortex layer and the medullary layer had the same proportion; Roe deer, the cortex layer were about two thirds of the transverse section, the medullary layer was about one third. Conclusion： foundation of the species identification could be built by using the microstructure of the mammalian hairs.