中文摘要：

以小米荞为母本、晋荞2号为父本进行有性杂交,对群体F2、F3群体主花序二分叉花枝数和顶三花枝种子数进行了遗传变异分析和相关性分析。结果表明,苦荞杂交后代主花序二分叉花枝数广义遗传力、狭义遗传力平均值分别为0.690、0.314,主花序顶三花枝种子广义遗传力、狭义遗传力平均值分别为0.729、0.375。相比之下,主花序顶三花枝种子数遗传力大于主花序二分叉花枝数。主花序二分叉花枝数与主花序顶三花枝种子数呈微弱的负相关（-0.141＊＊）,可能是顶端优势相互制约的结果。F2主花序二分叉花枝数和主花序顶三花枝种子数与单株粒质量、单株粒数表型相关系数分别为0.317＊＊和0.256＊＊、0.344＊＊和0.278＊＊,F3表型相关系数为0.316＊＊和0.272＊＊、0.371＊＊和0.516＊＊。表明主花序二分叉花枝数和顶三花枝种子数均与单株粒数和单株粒质量呈极显著正相关。因此,在育种上应考虑选择主花序二分叉花枝数、顶三花枝种子数多的变异类型以提高产量。

英文摘要：

This experience took Xiaomiqiao as female and Jinqiao No. 2 as male through hybridization.The F2,F3 populations obtained from hybrids of the tartary buckwheat selfing. The genetic variation analysis and correlation analysis of both main inflorescence dichotomy number and top three seed number of main inflorescence branches were done. The results showed that the broad-sense heritability estimates of main inflorescence dichotomy number and top three seed number of main inflorescence branches were0. 690,0. 729,and narrow-sense heritability estimates were 0. 314,0. 375 respectively. In contrast,the heritability of top three seeds of main inflorescence branches was greater than that of the main inflorescence dichotomy number. There was a little negative correlation between main inflorescence dichotomy number and top three seed number of main inflorescence branches. The phenotypic correlation coefficients between F2 main inflorescence dichotomy number,top three seeds number of main inflorescence branches and seed weight per plant,grain number were 0. 317＊＊,0. 256＊＊and 0. 344＊＊,0. 278＊＊,respectively; which of F3 were 0. 316＊＊,0. 272＊＊and 0. 371＊＊,0. 516＊＊. The above results indicated that main inflorescence dichotomy number and top three seed number of main inflorescence branches weresignificantly corellated with number of seeds per plant and seed yield per plant. Therefore,the variation types with more main inflorescence dichotomy number and top three seed number of main inflorescence branches should be selected in breeding,so as to increase production.