中文摘要：

【目的】叶片是水稻进行光合作用的主要场所，叶片颜色的变化与水稻的生长发育直接相关。发掘水稻叶色突变体，是水稻功能基因组学研究的重要遗传基础。【方法】利用EMS诱变日本晴获得一个能稳定遗传的淡绿叶突变体，暂命名为pgl11(palegreenleaf11)。在不同生育期测定野生型与突变体的叶绿素含量。在苗期，取野生型与突变体叶片进行叶绿体结构的透射电镜观察。在分蘖期，测定野生型与突变体的光合参数并观察气孔结构。在成熟期，测定野生型和pgl11的主要农艺性状。以pgl11为母本，南京6号为父本构建相应的F2群体，采用图位克隆的方法，对该基因进行定位。【结果】从苗期开始，突变体pgl11的每一片新叶均表现为淡绿色，叶绿素含量显著降低，叶绿体发育异常。随着叶片的生长，叶色由淡绿逐渐转绿，至抽穗期时叶绿素含量亦无明显差异。pgl11还表现光合速率、气孔导度明显下降，胞间CO2浓度上升。扫描电镜观察发现，突变体pgl11的气孔发育异常。与野生型相比，突变体的农艺性状如株高、剑叶宽、二次枝梗数、每穗粒数、粒长、粒宽、千粒重以及结实率等均显著降低。对叶绿素合成、光合作用以及质体发育相关基因的表达量测定表明，突变体pgl11中参与叶绿体转录和翻译相关基因的表达量显著升高，而叶绿素合成和光合作用相关基因的表达量显著下降。遗传分析表明，该突变表型受一对隐性核基因控制。通过图位克隆的方法将该基因定位于第1染色体上的C6和C8标记之间，物理距离约为110kb。【结论】该定位区间内未见有叶色相关基因报道，推测PGL11基因可能是一个新的水稻叶色基因。

英文摘要：

【Objective】Leaf is the main site of photosynthesis in rice.The change of leaf color is directly related to thegrowth and development of rice.The research of leaf color mutants is an important genetic basis for the study of ricefunctional genomics.【Method】We identified a pale green leaf mutant termed pgl11(pale green leaf11)from japonicacultivar Nipponbare by ethyl methylsulfonate(EMS)treatment.The chlorophyll content of wild type(WT)and mutant wasmeasured at different growth stages.At the seedling stage,the chloroplast structure of the leaves of the WT and the mutantwere observed with a transmission electron microscopy.At the tillering stage,the photosynthetic parameters of WT andpgl11were measured and the stomatal structure was observed.At the mature stage,the main agronomic traits of WT andpgl11were determined.F2population derived from pgl11/Nanjing6was used to map this gene by position cloningapproach.【Result】At seedling stage,every new leaf of the mutant pgl11was pale green.As the leaves matured,the leafcolor gradually turned green.Compared with wild type,the chlorophyll content in pgl11decreased at seedling stage.However,there was no significant difference at heading stage.In addition,the photosynthetic rate and stomatalconductance of pgl11were significantly decreased,but the intercellular CO2concentration was apparently increased.Thestomata was abnormal in pgl11.The agronomic traits including plant height,flag leaf width,secondary rachis branchnumber,grain number per panicle,grain length,grain width,1000-grain weight and seed setting rate decreasedsignificantly in pgl11compared with wild type.The expression of genes associated with chloroplast transcription andtranslation were upregulated in pgl11,while the expression of chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis related genes weredownregulated.Genetic analysis showed that the mutant phenotype was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene,andPGL11was mapped to a110kb region between the markers C6and C8on the short arm of chromosome1.【Conclus