中文摘要：

山梨醇和木糖醇等多元醇是可再生生物质转化合成液体燃料和化学品的重要平台分子,其中,可通过选择氢解反应一步制备乙二醇和丙二醇等重要化工原料,有望代替从乙烯和丙烯制备二元醇的传统石油化工工艺.目前文献中多元醇氢解反应主要使用Ru基和Ni基催化剂等,但是不可避免地生成C-C键非选择性断裂的副产物甲烷等.与之相比,非贵金属Cu基催化剂往往具有较优异的选择性,但其活性较低和水热稳定性较差.因此,到目前为止研制具有高活性和选择性、以及良好水热稳定性的Cu基催化剂用于生物质基多元醇氢解反应仍然存在挑战.在本文中,我们采用贵金属修饰的方法提高Cu基催化剂在山梨醇选择氢解反应中的活性和水热稳定性.通过分步浸渍法合成了1%Pd-3%Cu/ZrO2、1%Pt-3%Cu/ZrO2和1%Ru-3%Cu/ZrO2双金属催化剂,并比较了它们在山梨醇氢解反应中的催化性能.在相同的反应条件下,上述催化剂中1%Pd-3%Cu/ZrO2（Cu/Pd=5）具有最优的活性及乙二醇、丙二醇和甘油的总选择性.以固体碱La（OH）3为助剂,1%Pd-3%Cu/ZrO2的山梨醇氢解活性高达20.3 h-1,是单金属1%Pd/ZrO2（8.7 h-1）和3%Cu/ZrO2（6.5 h-1）催化剂活性的2-3倍,也高于含有相同Pd、Cu含量的1%Pd/ZrO2和3%Cu/ZrO2机械混合体系的活性（12.2 h-1）.而且,Pd-Cu/ZrO2双金属催化剂对C2-C3低碳多元醇的选择性也明显优于Pd/ZrO2和Cu/ZrO 2以及二者的机械混合体系.这些结果说明Pd对Cu/ZrO2的促进作用不仅仅需要Pd与Cu两种金属的共同存在,还需要它们两者之间的相互作用.进一步发现,Pd-Cu/ZrO2双金属催化剂在Cu/Pd比为1.5-10.0的较宽范围内都表现出了较高的反应活性（17.8-20.3 h-1）以及乙二醇、丙二醇和甘油的总选择性（57.3%-62.8%）,说明较低含量Pd的存在就能够有效地改善Cu催化剂的催化性能.在493 K和5.0 MPa H2的反应条件下,以1%Pd-3%Cu/ZrO2为催化剂,在山梨醇接?

英文摘要：

Sorbitol is one of the key building blocks in catalytic conversion of biomass, and its selective hydrogenolysis to ethylene glycol and propylene glycol provides a viable and sustainable route towards the synthesis of the two glycols. Herein, the hydrogenolysis of biomass-derived sorbitol was studied on Pd-modified Cu/monoclinic zirconia（Pd-Cu/ZrO 2） catalysts with a wide range of Cu/Pd atomic ratios in the presence of La（OH）3. The bimetallic Pd-Cu/ZrO 2 catalysts showed superior activities and selectivities to the two target glycols, compared with the monometallic Cu/ZrO 2 and Pd/ZrO 2catalysts under identical conditions. At nearly 100% sorbitol conversion, a combined selectivity of 61.7% to ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerol was obtained on Pd-Cu/ZrO 2（Cu/Pd=5） at 493 K under 5.0 MPa H2. Pd-Cu/ZrO 2 was also stable and recyclable, in contrast to Cu/ZrO 2, which suffered severe deactivation because of agglomeration of Cu particles during sorbitol hydrogenolysis. Clearly, the presence of Pd improved not only the activity and selectivity of the Cu catalyst, but also the hydrothermal stability. Characterization of these catalysts by X-ray diffraction, diffuse-reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy of CO adsorption, and H2 temperature-programmed reduction suggests that the Cu particles deposited on the Pd surfaces with close contact and strong interaction between the two metals, most likely involving electron transfer from Pd to Cu. Such structural and electronic effects are proposed as the critical contributors to the significant promoting effect of Pd on the activity and stability of Pd-Cu catalysts in sorbitol hydrogenolysis. These findings provide useful information for design of new Cu-based catalysts with higher efficiency and stability for selective hydrogenolysis of polyols and other biomass-derived reactants under hydrothermal conditions.