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中文摘要：
采用氧合血红蛋白在540和575 nm吸收带的漫反射光谱比率（R540/R575）对人浅表性膀胱癌进行了鉴别诊断,实验采用带积分球附件的分光光度计获取组织的漫反射光谱。结果表明：正常膀胱的粘膜/粘膜下层组织的漫反射光谱比率（R540/R575）在组织离体后2 h的平均值为111%,3 h的平均值为107%,4 h的平均值为104%,5 h的平均值为102%,而浅表性的膀胱癌的粘膜/粘膜下层组织的漫反射光谱比率（R540/R575）在组织离体后2 h的平均值为98.4%,3 h的平均值为95.5%,4 h的平均值为93.1%,5 h的平均值为91.6%,正常膀胱与浅表性膀胱癌的粘膜/粘膜下层组织在组织离体后2,3,4和5 h的漫反射光谱比率（R540/R575）均有显著性的差异（p〈0.05）,分别为12.6%,11.5%,10.9%和10.4%。这结论为快速、低成本、非入侵的浅表性膀胱癌的光活检提供了一种新的方法。
英文摘要：
A low-cost,fast,and noninvasive method for early diagnosis of malignant lesions of mucosa tissue based on diffuse reflectance spectra was applied in the study of the optical biopsy of superficial human bladder cancer.In the present paper,differential diagnosis of superficial human bladder cancer was studied using the diffuse reflectance spectral ratio（R540/R575） of the oxygenated hemoglobin absorption bands at 540 and 575 nm in vitro.Diffuse reflectance spectra for mucosa/submucosa tissues of normal bladder and superficial bladder cancer were measured using a spectrophotometer with an integrating sphere attachment.The results of measurement showed that there were three the diffuse reflectance spectral dips at 415,542 and 577 nm respectively for mucosa/submucosa tissues of normal bladder and superficial bladder cancer in the spectral range from 400 to 600 nm.The mean diffuse reflectance spectral ratio（R540/R575） of normal bladder mucosa/submucosa tissue decreased slowly with time increase after surgical excision,and the mean diffuse reflectance spectral ratio（R540/R575） of superficial bladder cancer mucosa/submucosa tissue also decreased slowly with time increasing after surgical excision.The mean diffuse reflectance spectral ratios（R540/R575） of normal bladder mucosa/submucosa tissue were 111%,107%,104% and 102% after 2,3,4 and 5 h after surgical excision respectively,and those of superficial bladder cancer mucosa/submucosa tissue were 98.4%,95.5%,93.1% and 91.6% after 2,3,4 and 5 h after surgical excision respectively.There were significant differences in mean diffuse reflectance spectral ratio（R540/R575） for mucosa/submucosa tissues between normal bladder and superficial bladder cancer after 2,3,4 and 5 h after surgical excision respectively（p〈0.05）.Differences in mean diffuse reflectance spectral ratio（R540/R575） for mucosa/submucosa tissues between normal bladder and superficial bladder cancer were 12.6%,（1.5%,10.9% and 10.4% after 2,3,4 and 5 h after surgical excision respecti
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