中文摘要：

本文基于静息态功能磁共振成像研究18名健康男性大学生志愿者在服用盐酸哌甲酯药物后大脑默认网络的效应连接变化。应用动态因果模型方法分析比较在服用安慰剂和盐酸哌甲酯药物两种条件下静息态默认网络的效应连接的区别。静息态的动态因果模型分析以文献研究提供的网络模型为先验基础,将低频波段信号（0.01~0.08 Hz）作为默认网络的驱动输入,再根据盐酸哌甲酯药物对节点间不同连接的调节作用设计32种动态因果可能性模型,最终通过拟合分析和贝叶斯模型选择得到最优模型及模型参数。结果表明,在静息条件下默认网络的内侧前额叶到后扣带回、两侧顶下小叶到内侧前额叶以及右侧顶下小叶到后扣带回的效应连接分别表现为促进状态,而左侧顶下小叶到后扣带回却表现为抑制连接。进一步地,根据盐酸哌甲酯药物与安慰剂条件的连接参数的配对统计比较发现,盐酸哌甲酯显著调节右侧顶下小叶到内侧前额叶皮质的连接（t=2.724,P=0.016）,使其由弱促进状态转变为抑制状态,但对其它连接无显著影响。本研究结果表明,盐酸哌甲酯药物对正常志愿者大脑静息态默认网络的效应连接具有显著的调制作用。

英文摘要：

The effective connectivity of default mode network（DMN） and its change after taking methylphenidate（MPH） were investigated in this study based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Dynamic causal modeling（DCM） was applied to compare the effective connectivity between the conditions of taking MPH and placebo for 18 healthy male volunteers. Started with the network structural basis provided by a recent literature, endogenous low frequency fluctuation signals（0.01–0.08 Hz） of each node of DMN were taken as the driving input, and thirty-two possible models were designed according to the modulation effect of MPH on different connections between nodes. Model fitting and Bayesian model selection were performed to find the winning model and corresponding parameters. Our results indicated that the effective connectivity from medial prefrontal cortex（MPFC） to posterior cingulate cortex（PCC）, from left/right inferior parietal lobule（L/RIPL） to MPFC, and from RIPL to PCC were excitatory, whereas the connectivity from LIPL to PCC was inhibitory. Further t-test statistics on connectivity parameters found that MPH significantly reduced the link from RIPL to MPFC in DMN（t = 2.724, P = 0.016） and changed the weak excitatory state to inhibitory state. However, it had no significant effect on other connections. In all, our results demonstrated that MPH modulates the effective connectivity within DMN in resting state.