中文摘要：

基于乙醇、生物柴油和石化柴油物化性质的互补性，配制了乙醇一生物柴油一柴油混合的多组分燃料（简称BED燃料），在0℃、10℃、15℃、20℃环境下研究了BED燃料相溶性和稳定性，试验研究了6组不同比例BED燃料对柴油机性能和排放的影响。结果表明：在不对柴油机做任何改动的情况下，燃用BED燃料后在中间转速大负荷工况下动力下降较大，下降幅度随乙醇和生物柴油组分的增加而升高，最大降幅达到10．2％；当量燃油消耗率低于纯柴油，在低负荷时，不同比例BED燃料的当量燃油消耗率不呈现明显的变化规律，在高负荷时，当量燃油消耗率随BED燃料含氧量增加而降低，最大下降9．2％；CO排放量在高负荷时明显下降，最大下降70．1％；NOx排放量随BED燃料中生物柴油比例的增加而上升，随乙醇比例的增加而降低，标定工况下最大上升29％；THC排放量随生物柴油比例的增加而下降，随乙醇比例的增加而上升，其中标定工况下最大下降32．6％。

英文摘要：

According to the physicochemical property complementarity of bio-ethanol, biodiesel and petroleum diesel, a multi-component fuel （BED fuel for short） with bio-ethanol, biodiesel and petroleum diesel was mixed. The compatibility and stability of the BED fuel were studied under four temperature （0℃ ,10℃ , 15℃ ,20℃ ） environments. The relation between the engine performance and emissions and the six groups of BED fuel in different proportions were studied with the experiments. The results indicated that, the engine power with BED fuel greatly reduced at high loads in intermediate speed and the reducing amplitude raised with the increasing proportion of ethanol and bio-diesel components, the drop ratio was up to 10.2% compared with diesel. The equivalent brake specific fuel consumption （EBSFC for short） was lower than that of pure diesel. The change of EBSFC with BED fuel in different proportions did not show regularity at low loads, while the EBSFC reduced with the increasing oxygen content in BED fuel, the drop ratio was up to 9.2% compared with diesel. The CO emissions decreased significantly at hlgh-loads and the biggest ratio was up to 70. 1%. The NOx emissions rose with the increasing of bio-diesel component and reduced with the increasing ethanol component, the biggest raised ratio was up to 29% at rated working conditions. The THC emissions reduced with the increasing bio-diesel component and rose with the increasing ethanol component, the biggest decreasing ratio was up to 32. 6% at rated working conditions.