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中文摘要：
通过有限元方法对搅拌摩擦焊接过程中焊接构件材料的三维流动进行了研究，结果显示，在搅拌摩擦焊接工艺中，材料的等效塑性应变云图与焊接构件显微结构分布图有一定联系。在后退侧搅拌头的后方是材料流动较弱的区域，在后退侧搅拌头的前方则是材料流动最为剧烈的区域，材料越靠近焊接构件的上表面，其流动性越强。搅拌头前方的材料在搅拌头的推动下向上涌起，同时被旋推到搅拌头的后方，在肩台的作用下，这部分材料将会被压向下方以填充由于搅拌头的移动而留下的空间，这个过程周而复始，从而使搅拌摩擦焊接可以顺利进行。
英文摘要：
This paper reported the 3D flow of material in the friction stir＇welding process by using finite element method. Results indicate that there exists a relation between the equivalent plastic strain distributions and the microstructure zones. The flow of material is very weak behind the pin on the retreating side and the flow is faster in front of the pin on the retreating side. The material in front of the pin is forced to move upwards, then the upward material rotates with the pin and the material behind the pin is forced to move downwards to fill the vacant space due to translational movement of the rotational tool, which makes friction stir welding process continuous successfully.
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