中文摘要：

世界数据中心（WDC）隶属于国际科学联合会（ICSU），自1957年成立以来已经在全球建立了51个学科中心，其所倡导的科学数据开放和共享的理念和做法影响巨大，为地球科学和相关学科的发展提供了大量的数据支撑服务。WDC在发展的同时，也面临着4个方面的问题与挑战：（1）WDC系统可持续性；②WDC系统顶层设计和总体布局；③针对国际科学计划的数据支撑服务能力；④不同数据中心之间的网络互操作体系。针对这些问题，国际科学联合会组织了包括WDC中国学科中心在内的所有中心共同研究制定解决对策，并于2008年10月最终确立了WDC的变革方案。该方案的核心就把ICSU下属的WDC和天文与地球物理联合服务中心（FAGS）合并重组，并吸收其他符合条件的中心，共同建立新的世界数据系统（WDS）。在对该组织架构分析的基础上，提出中国WDC学科中心发展的6点具体建议。

英文摘要：

World Data Center is one of the interdisciplinary bodies in the International Council of Science （ IC- SU）. It was established in 1957 to serve the International Geophysical Year （IGY）. Because of its success, the WDC system was made permanent and used for post-IGY data. Through more than 50 years development, WDC system has made prominent achievements. For example, it has established 51 sub discipline data centers in the world, while it just had 27 data centers at the beginning. The strengths and weaknesses often tell much about an organization. Some ingrained weaknesses in WDC system also were expanded with its development. These challenges include sustainable development mechanism, top design for multi-disciplinary data centers, data management and services capacities, inter-operability among different data centers in the whole system. ICSU had realized these problems since the end of the 1990s, and finally made a reform resolution in the autumn of 2008 after long time consideration. The core content in the reform resolution is to create a new World Data System which is based on the original World Data Center and the Federation of Astronomical and Geophysical Data Analysis Services （ FAGS）, absorb other state of the art centers. This reform will enhance ICSU＇s strategic leadership role on behalf of the global scientific community in relation to the policies, management and stewardship of scientific data and information. Considering the data sharing background in China, especially the progress of National Science and Technology Infrastrncture, six suggestion points are given to nine World Data Centers in China, i. e. , （ 1 ） join WDS positively, （2） enhance the data service capacities for global scientific community, （3） enhance the data exchange with other WDCs in the world, （4） Create the inter-operability system in WDS, （5） implement the data sharing standards and specifications, （6） Training and capacities building.