中文摘要：

目的生物医学基础研究及其实践应用日益需要在分子、细胞与系统、活体间建立直接的关联,解决方案之一是利用非接触方式远程控制细胞生命过程,当前受到广泛关注的光基因学等手段即为此方面的重要突破性进展。研究中的核心问题是如何实现在细胞乃至分子水平上对关键生命物质及生物学过程进行远程调控。为此,基于磁场和超声施加机械力,并辅助以超声微泡、磁纳米颗粒以及机械敏感通道,提出实现细胞远程控制的新型解决方案。方法使用超声输出设备对细胞膜周边的微泡施加机械力,以黄色荧光蛋白（yellow fluorescent protein,YFP）标记的DNA作为转基因标记物,测试不同条件下DNA跨膜进入细胞的效率。运用化学合成法合成磁纳米颗粒,使用电磁铁作为磁控系统,利用细胞钙成像实验监测机械力敏感离子通道的开放情况。结果在机械刺激作用下,细胞外液中的YFP质粒可以跨膜进入细胞并有效表达。与细胞共培养的磁纳米颗粒在电磁场的作用下,致使机械敏感离子通道开放、钙离子进入细胞及钙成像荧光上升。结论基于遥控机械力能够实现生物分子跨膜运送的远程控制。通过超声波（强度〉0.6 W/cm2）诱发微泡爆破从而施加机械冲击并在细胞膜上成孔,实现了DNA跨细胞膜导入及有效表达。磁纳米颗粒通过可调控电磁场（18-20 V,〉30 m T）对细胞膜施加机械刺激,通过内源性机械敏感机制引起钙电流及膜兴奋性的增加,从而实现跨膜钙信号的远程控制。

英文摘要：

Objective Both basic and applicable research in biomedicine have growing demands in more effective approaches that build direct connections between molecules, cells, systems and bodies. One of thesolutions is to establish the remote control of cellular processes via non-contact manners. Optogenetics, as one of the breakthroughs, has caught great attentions in the field. The key issue here is how to implement the remote control of crucial entities and processes at the cell and molecular levels. Therefore, based on mechanical force through magnetics and ultrasonics, assisted with ultrasound microbubble, magnetic nanoparticles and mechanosensitiveion channels, we propose a novel solution to the remotely controlled cells. Methods We used ultrasonic generator to stimulate microbubbles around cells to induce mechanical force for membrane sonoporation. Yellow fluorescent protein （YFP） expression with fluorescence as the index indicated the efficiency of sonoporation thus DNA transported under different conditions. For magnetic control of transmembrane Ca2＋, chemically- synthesized magnetic nanoparticles （MNP） were driven by electromagnetic control system. Results Aided with mechanical stimuli, substantial amount of YFP plasmids successfully went across cell membrane and got expressed. The fluorescence of ceils co-cultured with MNPs was enhanced upon stimulation of magnetic control system. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that based on the remote control of mechanical force, one can achieve the remote control of transmembrane transport of key biomolecules. The transmembrane transport and expression of DNA can be accomplished through membrane excitability as well as Ca2＋ signals could sonoporation （ ultrasound strength be enhanced through electromagnetics 〉 0. 6 W/cm2 ） . Cell （ 18 to 20 V, 〉30 mT）.