中文摘要：

车轮损伤识别对机械弹性车轮使用安全至关重要。根据车轮工作原理与结构特征,建立了车轮的非线性有限元模型,利用模态分析有限元方法计算了无损伤车轮的固有频率;结合模态试验验证了模型的准确性。通过有限元分析和试验对弹性环的危险区域进行了分析。采用刚度退化模型模拟弹性环的局部损伤,利用单元集损伤变量对机械弹性车轮内部弹性环的不同位置、不同损伤状态进行了识别。研究结果表明：应用模态应变能原理可识别出车轮内部弹性环的损伤,且识别方法准确有效,为车轮的健康状态检测和故障诊断提供了参考。

英文摘要：

Wheel damage identification is very important for the safety of the mechanical elastic wheel.According to the working principle and structure characteristics,a nonlinear finite element model of the wheel was established.The natural frequency of the wheel without damage are calculated by using the finite element modal analysis method;The modal test was used to verify the accuracy of the model.The finite element analysis and test were carried out to analyze the dangerous zone of the elastic ring.The stiffness degradation model was used to simulate the local damage of the elastic ring,and the different position and the damage state of the elastic ring was identified by using the element set damage variable.The research results showed that the damage inside the mechanical elastic wheel can beidentified based on the theory of modal strain energy.Meanwhile,this method was accurate and effective,which provided reference for the health condition detection and fault diagnosis of the wheel.