中文摘要：

现代压力探针主要分为高等植物细胞压力探针、根压力探针、木质部压力探针和取样压力探针4个变种,并形成了相关的理论体系,广泛应用于植物生理学及其相关领域的研究中。现代压力探针技术不仅可用于高等植物细胞和组织水平水分关系、水和溶质的相互作用关系的研究,还可进行根木质部负压的测定及高等植物活体单细胞内含物的取样研究等。未来更可借助取样压力探针与微量分析技术的结合,将高等植物单细胞内的水分关系和代谢过程定量联系起来;或可试图拓宽木质部压力探针测定的压力范围,进一步研究和验证内聚力-张力学说的理论和机制。

英文摘要：

The original pressure probe has been evolved to four variants,which are cell pressure probe for higher plant cells,root pressure probe,xylem pressure probe and sampling pressure probe.Nowadays,the theory system of pressure probe technique is been formed and the technique is been extensively applied in plant physiology and other fields.It can be applied to investigate higher plant water relations at both cell and tissue level,the interactions between water and solute flows,the xylem tension,the sampling of the contents of individual living higher plant cell,and so on.In the future,together with a suite of micro-analytical techniques,it should have the potential to link quantitatively the traditionally separate areas of water relations and metabolism of individual higher plant cells.The xylem pressure probe would be further developed to widen the range of tensions to study and testify cohesion/tension mechanism.