中文摘要：

塘堰服务于灌区农业灌溉、居民生活用水等，是灌区水循环系统的重要组成部分，其分布是地貌侵蚀与发育以及人为因素影响下的结果。基于GIS数据库和空间分析功能，以湖北漳河三干渠灌区塘堰为例，应用分形理论对塘堰分布进行了分析。区域内塘堰面积服从双曲分布，一定范围内具有标度不变性，在概率空间中表现出分形结构的幂律性质。采用覆盖塘堰像元的方法求取了整个灌区和14个子区域的盒维数和信息维数，也表明塘堰的空间展布是一个分形体。最后分析了盒维数和信息维数与地形因子的线性关系。

英文摘要：

The current interest in ponds stems mainly from their utilization for irrigation, domestic use, livestock watering, fishing and so on. The ponds, whose distribution results from geomorphological erosion and development as well as human activities, are important components for hydrologicl cycle in irrigation system. Here we report the analyses of the ponds distribution from Zhanghe irrigation system to determine their frcatal structure based on the geographic information system （GIS）. The ponds areas, both in the whole region and the sub regions, are close to the hyperbolic distribution and exhibit power law properties of the fractal structure for the scale invariance in probability spaces. The covering cell method is used to obtain the box dimension and information dimension of ponds distribution in the whole region and 14 sub-regions, and the results show that the ponds are fratal structures lying on the two-dimensional space. Lastly, the linear relations between the two fratal dimentions and the topographic factors are analyzed.