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中文摘要：
目的：调查我院老年患者感染铜绿假单胞菌的临床特点及耐药表型，为临床医师控制铜绿假单胞菌的感染选择药物提供参考依据。方法：回顾性分析2014年10月～2（}15年10月我院老年住院患者分离得到的162株铜绿假单胞菌的标本来源、病区分布及耐药表型。结果：162株铜绿假单胞菌感染中，标本类型为痍标本占71．6％、尿标本占12．3％、其他类型占16．1％；标本主要来源于呼吸内科（27．8％）与重症医学科（25．9），泌尿外科（9．8％），居前三位；162株铜绿假单胞菌中70株产生耐药，占43．2％；药敏结果显示铜绿假单胞菌对氨基青霉素及氨基青霉素＋β-内酰胺酶抑制剂（氨苄西林、氨苄西林＋舒巴坦），复方磺胺甲噁唑，呋喃妥因，第一代头孢（头孢唑啉），第二代头孢（头孢呋辛酯、头孢呋辛钠），第三代头孢（头孢曲松），头霉素类（头孢替坦），耐药率达到95％以上，甚至100％。氨基糖苷类抗生素（庆大霉素、阿米卡星、妥布霉素）敏感率达95％以上，碳青霉烯类抗生素（亚胺培南、美洛匹宁）与第四代头孢（头孢吡肟）敏感率达80％以上。结论：老年患者感染铜绿假单胞菌主要易感部位是呼吸道和尿道，根据本院药敏结果，氨基糖苷类抗生素、碳青霉烯类抗生素和头孢吡肟敏感率较高，推荐临床医生使用此类药物。
英文摘要：
Objective： To investigate the clinical distribution and drug resistance phenotype of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa （Pae） isolates in senile patients so as to provide reference for the clinical control of infections.Methods： The clinical distribution and drug resistance of Pae isolated from Oct. 2014 to Oct. 2015 in Foshan Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University were analyzed retrospectively.Results： 162 strains of Pae were isolated from clinical specimens, sputum specimens accounted for71.6%, urine specimens accounted for 12.3% and other specimens for 16.1%. Nosoconfial infection of Pae was mainly from respiratory department （27.8%） , Intensive Care Unit （25.9%） and Urinary surgery （9.8%） ;Resistance strains accounted for 43.2%; Pae showed high re- sistance to ampicillin, ampicillin ＋ β-lactamase inhibitor , TMP-SMZ , nitrofurantoin ,the first and second generation of cephalosporin antibiotics, ceftriaxone, Cefotetan. And the resistant rates of antimicrobials were from 95% to 100%. Pae showed high sensitivity to aminoglycoside antibiotics , carbapenems and cefepime. And the sensitivity rates of antimicrobials were from 80 to 95%. Conclusions： The predisposing area of Pae infection are respiratory tract and urinary tract in senile patient. Aminoglycoside antibiotics , carbapenems and cefepime have higher sensitive rates, which are suggested to used in clinic for the treatment of Pae.
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