中文摘要：

采用GC和GC-MS-DS联用技术在线跟踪分析了Pd／C催化剂上松脂直接催化歧化反应过程主要化学组成随时间的变化关系，并探讨了松脂催化歧化反应机理．考察了不同反应条件对歧化反应产物的影响，结果表明，松脂可直接催化歧化反应同时获得歧化松香和对伞花烃，在250℃、催化剂用量0．05％（占松脂的质量1的反应条件下，反应90min时脱氢枞酸与枞酸含量分别占酸性物含量的79．15％和0，对伞花烃含量占中性油含量的62．52％；松脂中酸性物的反应速度大于中性油，在二者同时进行的氢转移反应中，树脂酸脱氢与萜烯脱氢反应均是主反应；以松脂为原料的歧化反应速度大于松香为原料的歧化反应速度，直接以松脂为原料进行一步催化歧化反应，萜烯不仅作为溶剂降低了反应体系的粘度，促进了液固传质并促进了枞酸芳构化反应的进行，同时树脂酸提供了有机酸的质子源，使松节油中的双环单萜异构并芳构化形成对伞花烃．本研究为该反应动力学研究和反应条件优化提供了理论依据．

英文摘要：

On-line tracking analysis for the changes of major chemical components during catalytic disproportionafion of gum oleoresin over Pd/C catalyst was studied by the gas chromatography （GC） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-detection system （GC-MS-DS）, and the reaction mechanism of catalytic disproportionation from gum oleorcsin has been discussed. The results showed that the disproportionated rosin and high content ofp-cymene could be obtained using the novel process from oleoresin. At reaction temperature 250 ℃ and reaction time 90 min, and the quantity of catalyst 0.05% （based on oleoresin weight）, the contents of dehydroabietic acid and abietic acid were 79.15% and 0 of the acid fractions, respectively, and p-cymene was 62.52% of the neutral oil. The reaction rate of the resin acids was faster than that of turpentine, and dehydrogenations of resin acids and turpentine were main reactions during intermolecular hydrogen transfer reaction of oleoresin. Meanwhile, the tracking analysis indicated that the disproportionation rate of resin acids from oleoresin was faster than that of resin acids from rosin, and the conversion rate of abietic-type rosin acids was 89.32% and the content of dehydroabietic acid was 63.20% when reaction time was 15 min. During one-step catalytic disproportionation of oleoresin, the viscosity of reaction system was reduced and liquid-solid mass transfer was improved by the solvent effect of turpentine, so the aromatization of abietic acid was intensified, and the double ring monoterpene in the turpentine was transformed into monocyclic ring monoterpene by ring-opening isomerization reaction, then converted into p-cymene by catalytic dehydrogenation under the resin acids. The present work may provide a reference for research of relevant reaction kinetics and optimization of process.