中文摘要：

为更好地将理论计算应用于实际真空预压工程并指导工程实践，假设真空度线性衰减，建立真空预压软基径向固结方程，得出超孔隙水压力的计算公式及固结度。研究了涂抹区渗透系数对固结的影响，分别给出了渗透系数不变和渗透系数线性变化时地基中平均孔压和固结度的解析解，并进行了分析。分析结果表明，真空度衰减系数 k 1与 k2、井阻比 n 及涂抹区半径与排水体半径的比值 s 越小、非扰动区与涂抹区渗透系数比α越趋近 s ，则真空预压效果越好。将考虑真空度线性衰减的固结度解析解和 Hansbo 解与嘉兴港真空预压地基处理的实测数据进行对比，发现前者与实测数据更加吻合，且考虑涂抹区渗透系数线性变化的解更符合工程实际。

英文摘要：

For the purpose of application of theoretical calculation to practical vacuum preloading projects and providing guidance in practical application, an equation for soft ground consolidation in the radial direction under vacuum preloading was established by assuming that the vacuum degree attenuated linearly, and formulas for the excess pore pressure and degree of consolidation were developed. Based on study of the effects of the permeability coefficient in smear zones, analytical solutions for the average pore pressure and degree of consolidation were deduced and verified with a constant permeability coefficient and linearly changing permeability coefficient, respectively. Results of analysis show that the smaller the vacuum degree attenuation coefficients, k1 and k2, the well resistance factor, n, and the radius ratio of the smear zone to drainage system, s, and the closer the ratio of the permeability coefficients of the undisturbed zone to the smear zone, α, to s, the better the effect of vacuum preloading. The analytical solutions considering the linear attenuation of the vacuum degree and Hansbo＇s solutions were compared with field observations of the degree of consolidation of the foundation under vacuum preloading at the Jiaxing Port. Results show that the analytical solutions are more consistent with field observations, and the solutions considering the linear change of the permeability coefficient in smear zones correspond better with engineering practices.