中文摘要：

在组织变革研究的文献中,适应观和生态观一直是占主导地位的两类研究视角,本文在回顾这两大学派观点的基础上提出一种新的研究范式——基于创业的视角。研究发现,行动领先的企业高管通过主动搜寻来进行机会识别,并通过双重联结过程实施创业型行动,而企业的行为又会更新其他市场参与者的信念体系从而达到推动市场过程的目的。本文最后在动态竞争研究的框架下进一步分析了企业与环境共同演化的过程。

英文摘要：

Among the organizational change literature,adaptation view and ecological view were two dominant perspectives.Adaptation view suggests that the purpose of organizational change is to adapt and achieve strategic fit with their environment.Yet researchers embracing ecological view have argued for an environmental selection process which determined the outcome of organization＇s behavior.This study recommends a brand new research paradigm,named the entrepreneurial view after a brief review of the two former perspectives.We developed a multi-level analytic framework to examine the effects of organization＇s proactive activities on its competitive advantage.It has long been noted that in a complex and intense competitive situation,the performance of an organization was dependent on its actions and rivals＇ reactions,so we were also concerned about how the organization＇s activities might affect the market process.The results indicated that proactive top managers of the firm would set expectations and search to identify the opportunities resulted from knowledge problem existing in the market.Those actions could establish a firm＇s competitive advantage to the extent that they exploit competitive ambiguity.Entrepreneurial alertness,professional knowledge,and creativity were three most important predictors of opportunity identification.Top managers adopted a bisociation process linking previously related or unrelated matrices of thought to seize the opportunities through entrepreneurial actions.Schumpeter and Kirzner had respectively defined entrepreneurial actions in two distinctive ways which we proposed as equilibrating and disequilibrating actions.Both actions were the consequence of bisociation process.Entrepreneurial actions carried out by the firm would eventually update the belief systems of all the market participants,yet leading to different market conditions according to the actions＇ appropriateness.It＇s in this way the firm had the capability to push the market process.Further in this study we used c