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中文摘要：
采用一种新的Mg扩散方法,在常压下成功制备出致密的MgB2超导块材,样品密度最高达1.95g/cm^3,并得到了最佳的热处理条件.采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）,扫描电镜（SEM）和超导量子干涉仪（MPMS）分别对样品的物相,微观结构和超导性能进行了表征.结果表明：纯的MgB2在5×10^-3T的外场下,起始超导转变温度（Tc）为38.1K,转变宽度仅0.9K;10K自场下临界电流密度（Jc）值达0.53MA/cm^2.此外,纳米Pr6O11或C掺杂能显著改善MgB2的实用化性能,其中15at.%C掺杂的MgB2（MgB1.85C0.15）在10K,6T下,Jc高达10^4A/cm^2.
英文摘要：
An improved Mg-diffusion method has been successfully utilized to prepare the MgB2 bulks with a highest density of 1.95 g/cm^3 under the normal pressure, and the optimal heat treatment conditions have been attained. The crystal structure, microstructure and superconductivity were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope （SEM） and magnetic properties measurement system （MPMS）, respectively. The results show that the Tc and △Tc for pure MgB2 are 38.1K and 0.9K under 5 × 10^-3T, and the Jc reaches 0.53 MA/cm^2 at 10K and self-field. Furthermore, the nano-Pr6O11 （or C） doping can significantly improve the applied properties of MgB2. Among them at 10 K and 6 T, the Jc for MgB1.85C0.15 reaches 10^4 A,/cm^2.
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