中文摘要：

目的探讨常规水处理工艺对地表水有机提取物遗传毒性的影响。方法于2010年7—_9月（丰水期）采集贵阳市某地水厂的水源水和管网末梢水水样，对其有机提取物进行Ames试验（染毒剂量为2、4、8L／皿）；并进行单细胞凝胶电泳试验、小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验，采用80只清洁级昆明小鼠，雌雄各半，染毒剂量均为0．01、0．05、O．25IJg，每天1次，连续5d。结果两种水样有机提取物对TA100致突变阴性；在-S9和＋s9情况下，8Ⅳ皿水源水和4、8Ⅳ皿管网末梢水有机提取物对TA98均为阳性。与溶剂对照组比较，0．05、0．25IJg水源水有机提取物染毒组和各剂量管网末梢水有机提取物染毒组小鼠肝细胞的拖尾率和尾长均增加，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。与溶剂对照组比较，仅0．25L／g水源水和管网末梢水有机提取物染毒小鼠骨髓细胞的微核率均较高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论本次调查的地表水在常规水处理工艺前后，其有机提取物在较高剂量下有遗传毒性。

英文摘要：

Objective To discuss the influence on genotoxicity of the organic extracts in surface water by conventional water treatment process. Methods The organic pollutants in the source water and pipeline water from a water plant in Guiyang from July to September （wet season） in 2010 were extracted. Ames assay was used to assess the potential of mutagenicity （at the doses of 2, 4 and 8 L/dish respectively）; Single cell gel electrophoresis test and micronucleus test of mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes were used to assess the DNA and chromosome damage,using 80 kunming mice of clean grade, half male and half female in each group, at the doses of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.25 L/g, once a day, for 5 consecutive days. Results In the Ames test,mutagenie aetvity was negative in TA100 salmonella typhimurium under organic extracts in two kinds water samples, however, mutagenic activity was positive in TA98 salmonella typhimurium with and without $9 under 8 L/vessel from source water,4 L/vessel and 8 L/vessel from pipeline water. Compared with the solvent control group, comet cell rates and tail length were significantly increased in the moderate and high dose groups and all doses of pipeline water （P〈0.05）. And compared with the solvent group, micronucleus rates was significantly increased only in the group of 0.25 L/g （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The organic contaminants extracted from surface water have the potential genotoxicity before and after the water is treated with conventional method.