中文摘要：

基因测序技术是现代最为重要的生物医学研究手段之一,单分子测序技术作为最新一代测序技术被广泛研究,并形成了微纳制造、光电子、微流控和分子生物学等多学科的交叉探索和多种技术创新的有机结合.文章系统总结了应用于单分子测序的纳米微结构器件的原理和功能,重点阐述了零模波导器件和纳米孔器件在单分子测序中的作用以及制备工艺,从器件的角度提出了单分子测序技术所面临的挑战.

英文摘要：

As a most important biomedical technology, DNA sequencing, especially single molecule sequencing, has become a research focus not only in biology but also in engineering and physics. It combines nanofabrication, optoelectronics, microfluidics, and molecular biology technologies together to develop our capability to detect the activities of single nucleotides. In this review, the nanostructure devices for single molecule sequencing are summarized. The principle and structure of zero-mode waveguides and nanopore devices are described in detail, as well as the challenges of single-molecule sequencing.