中文摘要：

推导了伪距多路径提取公式，计算了相应观测组合提取伪距多路径的组合系数。以载波噪声放大比例为评价指标，对比分析各组合观测提取伪距多路径的效果，然后利用BDS和GPS数据进行验证。结果表明，仅进行电离层一阶改正时，三频伪距／载波组合提取伪距多路径效果最好；基于三频二阶电离层改正的伪距多路径提取会过分放大载波噪声，但能消除电离层系统误差；基于双频组合提取伪距多路径时，两频率相差最大的观测组合提取伪距效果最好；同一组合观测提取不同频点伪距多路径时，提取最大频率信号上的伪距效果最好。

英文摘要：

The pseudo-range multipath extraction formula is derived and the combination coefficients of corresponding observation combinations to extract pseudo-range multipath are calculated. The amplifieatory scale of carrier noise is used as the evaluation factor to evaluate the effect of extracting pseudo-range multipath. Then the BDS and GPS data are used to validate these analyses. Finally, these conclusions are drawn： when only correcting the first-order ionospheric error, the extraction effect of triple-frequency pseudo-range/carrier phase observation combination is best. Although the carrier noise is excessively amplified based on triple-frequency second-order ionospheric correction, ionospheric system error is eliminated. When extracting the pseudo-range multipath by dual-frequency combination, the effect of the combination with the largest frequency difference is best; when the same observation is used to extract different pseudo-range multipaths, the pseudo-range multipath on the signal with the largest frequency is best.