中文摘要：

测定聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）、凹凸棒/聚丙烯酸（WT）和聚丙烯酸钠（HM）3种保水剂在浓度分别为2‰、5‰8、‰的NaCl、MgCl2、CaCl2、FeCl3、尿素、硝酸钾、氯化铵等7种溶液中的吸水倍率;用离心机法测定保水剂与氮肥混施条件下土壤的持水特性。结果表明：与去离子水比较,保水剂在盐溶液中的吸水倍率显著下降,且随着溶液浓度升高,保水剂的吸水倍率明显下降,对于同一盐溶液浓度,离子类型对保水剂吸水倍率的影响表现为：Na＋〈Mg2＋〈Ca2＋〈Fe3＋,WT保水剂表现出较强的抗离子特性;保水剂在不同氮肥溶液中的吸水倍率有较大差异,氮肥类型对保水剂吸水倍率的影响表现为：尿素〈硝酸钾〈氯化铵;保水剂与氮肥混合施入土壤能提高土壤的持水能力,但施入氮肥降低了保水剂的性能;推荐保水剂与氮肥混合使用时,施氮量不超过0.50 gN/kg干土,保水剂用量不超过6‰。

英文摘要：

This paper studied three kinds of super absorbent polymer（SAP）,Polyacrylamide （PAM）,Attapulgite/Polypropylic acid（WT） and Polyacrylate sodium（HM） and their water absorbing capacity with the solution of 2‰,5‰ and 8‰ NaCl,MgCl2,CaCl2,FeCl3,CO（NH2）2,KNO3 and NH4Cl,and the effect of SAP application to soil mixed with nitrogenous fertilizer on soil water retention properties.The result showed that the water absorbing capacity of SAP decreased significantly in salt solution and with the increment of solution concentration compared with deionized water.For the same salt solution concentration,the effect of ion type on the water absorbing capacity of SAP was： Na＋Mg2＋Ca2＋Fe3＋.The WT showed strong anti-ion properties.There were great differences in water absorbing capacity of SAP in different nitrogen solution,and the effect of nitrogenous fertilizer type on the water absorbing capacity of SAP was： CO（NH2）2KNO3NH4Cl.The ability of soil water retention had a significantly increasing trend with SAP application to soil mixed with nitrogenous fertilizer,but the nitrogenous fertilizer decreased the water absorbing capacity of SAP.It was recommended that the nitrogenous fertilizer rate didn＇t exceed 0.50 gN/kg dry soil,SAP rate didn＇t exceed 6‰ ratio of weight when SAP mixed with nitrogenous fertilizer.