中文摘要：

目的探讨经直肠实时组织弹性成像（TRTE）在诊断前列癌（PCa）中的作用。方法对84例疑为PCa并准备行穿刺活检的患者进行TRTE、直肠指诊（DRE）、经直肠超声（TRUS）及磁共振（MR I）检查,将弹性成像与其他检查及病理结果相比较。结果 84例患者中良性36例、恶性48例。TRTE诊断的灵敏度（91.7%）、特异度（72.2%）、准确率（83.3%）、阳性预测值（81.5%）及阴性预测值（86.7%）与TRUS（灵敏度85.4%、特异度63.9%、准确率76.2%、阳性预测值75.9%、阴性预测值76.7%）诊断的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,其诊断的特异度72.2%高于MR I的44.4%（P=0.03）。TRTE诊断与病理的符合率和血清总前列腺特异抗原水平无关（P〉0.05）,其诊断的灵敏度随前列腺体积的增大而降低。对DRE检查呈软~中等质地的结节,TRTE诊断的特异度高于MR I（P=0.04）。对于PCa,TRTE诊断的灵敏度随肿瘤G leason评分的增加而提高（P〈0.05）。结论 TRTE可作为诊断PCa的一种重要的补充手段,为临床提供帮助。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the role of transrectal real-time tissue elastography（TRTE） in the diagnosis of prostate cancer（PCa）.Methods Eighty-four patients with suspected PCa and scheduled for prostate biopsies underwent TRTE,digital rectal examination（DRE）,transrectal ultrasonography（TRUS）,and magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）.The findings of TRTE were compared with those of other examinations and pathological findings.Results Of these 84 patients,36 had benign lesions and 48 had PCa.The diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 91.7%,72.2%,83.3%,81.5%,and 86.7% for TRTE and 85.4%,63.9%,76.2%,75.9%,and 76.7% for TRUS（P0.05）,while its specificity（72.2%） was significantly higher than that of MRI（44.4%）（P=0.03）.The TRTE findings were not significantly correlated with the pathological findings and serum total prostate specific antigen（P0.05）,and the diagnostic sensitivity of TRTE decreased along with the enlargement of prostate.However,the diagnostic specificity of TRTE was higher than MRI for nodules with soft to medium-texture（P=0.04）.For PCa,the diagnostic sensitivity of TRTE increased when the Gleanson scores of tumors increased（P0.05）.Conclusion TRTE can be used as a diagnostic test to supplement clinical diagnosis of PCa.