中文摘要：

顺山集遗址目前发掘所获以第二期遗存最丰富，本文通过对壕沟内来自二期的一组沉积物进行植硅体分析并获得对顺山集二期聚落环境与生业的初步认识。分析结果显示二期早段以示冷型植硅体为优势，晚段示暖型植硅体数量迅速增加，植硅体组合与数量的变化反映了聚落二期期间暖湿-冷干-回暖的气候波动。来自稻壳的双峰乳突型植硅体较丰富，而稻叶扇型和哑铃型植硅体数量极少，可能与稻资源来源和利用方式有关。水稻植硅体组合表明聚落二期对稻资源的利用并非持续扩大的线性发展，期间伴随着气候转暖而减少。二期聚落居民生业经济中稻的比重不高，但其定居生活状态说明他们有多种生计策略。稻资源利用方式的变化，可能是先民依据环境、社会、文化等变迁做出的适应性调整．也可能受到人群迁徙等因素的影响。

英文摘要：

Soil samples from the second phase of the Shunshanji Site are analyzed by using phytolith method. The result shows that the climate fluctuated during the Phase Ⅱ in a cold-warm-cold mode reflected by the assemblage of phytoliths of which the cold-type had advantage in the early period while the warm-type increased rapidly in the later period. Double-peak type phytoliths origined from rice husk are very abundant compared with those from rice leaf and that might seem to be associated with the source and the utilization of rice of the settlement. The assemblage and change of the rice-original phytolith reveal that evolution of rice-a- gricuhure was not going on a linear expansion pattern in the Phase Ⅱ and declined along with the climate which getting warmer. The ancestors of the Shunshanji Site had a variety of livelihood strategies as they had lived in a resident life, though the proportion of rice was low in the food-structure. The evolution of the utiliza- tion of rice should be the adaptive adjustment made by the people according to the change of environment, so- ciety and culture as well as population migration.