中文摘要：

可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶（sGC）在体内是一种非常重要的信号转导酶，其活化后既可以激活NO-sGC-cGMP信号通路，又可以抑制TGF-β信号通路。cGMP是体内一种非常重要的第二信使，可以通过调节一些下游相关效应分子，如蛋白激酶G、cGMP依赖的磷酸二酯酶及cGMP门控离子通道，从而参与一系列的生理或病理反应，包括舒张血管、抑制血小板聚集，抑制细胞增殖等多种生理调节；TGF-β信号通路受到抑制后，可产生抑制组织纤维化与细胞增殖的生理作用。近年研究表明，通过直接激活sGC可治疗多种疾病．sGC激动制作为一类新型药物，表现出了许多独特的优势。本文就sGC激动剂的作用机制及其最新研究进展做一综述，旨在为sGC激动剂类药物的研发提供参考。

英文摘要：

Soluble guanylate cyclase is a key signal transduction enzyme in the body, which can activate the NO- sGC-eGMP signaling pathway and inhibit the TGF-β signaling pathway, eGMP is one of the most important second messengers and also involved in a series of physiological or pathological responses including vasodilation, inhibi- tion of platelet aggregation, inhibition of cell proliferation and so on. When TGF-β signaling pathway is inhibited, it can inhibit issue fibrosis and cell proliferation. Recent studies have shown that sGC can be activated directly to treat a variety of diseases. As a new class of potential drugs, sGC stimulators have shown many unique advantages. Herein, the mechanism and the latest research progress of sGC stimulators are reviewed, which couht provide a useful information for further research of sGC stimulators.