中文摘要：

黄河高含沙量，水体在弱潮陆相河口入海时，80％泥沙在河口附近快速堆积。目前，黄河口快速沉积物的固结过程尚不清楚。在黄河刁口流路三角洲叶瓣潮坪上，现场取土配置黄河口快速沉积形成的流体状堆积物，研究快速沉积的粉质土海床固结过程。利用静力触探、十字板剪切试验、孔隙水压力监测等原位土工测试手段，实时测定快速沉积的海床土强度变化和孔隙水压力消散过程。研究发现：黄河口快速沉积的粉质土固结速度很快，超静孔隙水压力消散比理论计算值快；正常固结完成后，强度随时间的发展依然不断增加，沿深度方向则发生非均匀增长，呈现与原状土体类似的似超固结状态。该固结状态的形成主要受胶结作用和沉积环境的影响。

英文摘要：

The highly contained silts are found in the entrance of weak-tide terrestrial facies of the Yellow River, and eighty percent sediments are rapidly deposited at Yellow River Estuary. The consolidation process of such sediments is not clear at present. A series of experiments have been conducted on the tide flat of Diaokou delta-lobe that lies in the north of Yellow River Delta, which can provide a more realistic simulation than the laboratory methods. In order to reveal the consolidation process of rapidly deposited silts, the fluid sediments imitating the rapidly deposited seabed silts at the Yellow River Estuary have been made in field; and the fluid sediments are promptly filled into a one-meter deep testing pit excavated at the tide flat. By field testing methods, such as static cone penetration test, field vane shear test and pore water piezometer test, the variation strength and dissipation of pore water pressure of rapidly deposited seabed silts have been measured at real time. It is shown from the experimental data that the consolidation speed of the rapidly deposited seabed silts measured by water piezometer at Yellow River Estuary in field is much quicker than the speed calculated through the Terzaghi＇s one-dimensional consolidation theory. It is also shown that, after consolidation compression is completed, the strengths of such silts still increase gradually along with the development of time, showing an ununiformity increase along the depth. Thus the rapidly deposited silts have taken on a quasi-overconsolidated state, which is similar to undisturbed soils of Yellow River Estuary. The analyses show that the formation of such quasioverconsolidated state is attributable to the influence of the cementation effect and sedimentary environment.