中文摘要：

社会企业在当代中国并不是一个新兴组织，在不同历史阶段类型各异，形式灵活，总体显示了社会企业的基本属性，承担着重要的社会角色和功能。新中国建立以来，社会企业的历史演进经历了早期计划经济时期的生产自救小组、烈军属和贫民生产单位，单位制下社会福利企业的发展及嬗变，以及当代转型期新社会企业的发展过程。现代社会企业以商业手段实现社会目标的组织模式，在改善传统福利服务的不足方面提供了新的思路和选择，成为社会建设中的重要制度性角色。

英文摘要：

Social enterprises are not new organizations in modern China. On the whole, social enterprises of different types and patterns in different historical periods have displayed their basic attributes and played important roles and functions in society. Since the founding of the New China, with the establishment and reform of economic and political systems, the historical evolution of social enterprises has undergone the early stage of planned economy in forms of self-help production units, production units of the poor and families of revolutionary martyrs, then developed into social welfare enterprises under the unit system, and finally transformed into new social enterprises in modern transitional period. Modern social enterprises have achieved social goals through business, provided new thoughts and choices to improve traditional welfare service, and played an important institutional role in social development.