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中国石蚕巢化石(昆虫纲,毛翅目)的发现与初步研究

ISSN号：0001-6616
期刊名称：古生物学报
时间：0
页码：103-108
语言：中文
分类：Q911.28[天文地球—古生物学与地层学;生物学—古生物学] P534.52[天文地球—古生物学与地层学;天文地球—地质学]
作者机构：[1]现代古生物学与地层学国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,南京210008, [2]安徽古生物博物馆,合肥230601
相关基金：国家自然科学基金（编号：40672013,40632010）,中国科学院方向性项目（KZCX2-YW-QN104）,科技部国家重点基础研究发展计划（2006CB806400）资助. 致谢北方天鸟公司王向东先生2007年间在京西卢尚坟采集到数十枚石蚕巢化石赠与作者;中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所姚小刚、泮燕红、张晓林、王亚琼参加了辽西地区的野外工作并协助作者采集巢化石,黄迪颖的同学李东在河北承德高寺台的野外工作中也采集到石蚕巢化石一枚,临沂唐永刚先生陪同黄迪颖进行了山东昌乐中新统的野外工作;古生物所曹美珍研究员鉴定了筑造巢的介形虫;研究生田宁提供绘图帮助,在此均表示衷心感谢.
相关项目：内蒙中侏罗世道虎沟生物群特异埋藏动物化石的研究

关键词：毛翅目, 巢, 道虎沟动物群, 热河动物群, 卢尚坟昆虫群, 中生代, Trichoptera, case, Daohugou fauna, Jehol fauna, Lushangfen entomofauna, Mesozoic

中文摘要：

毛翅目昆虫幼虫俗称石蚕,大部分石蚕就地取材,构筑不同形状,不同质地的巢,多数为管状。石蚕巢化石是一类较重要的遗迹化石,在国外中、新生代报道较多,但在我国未见发表。本文根据作者十多年来在华北及东北地区的大量野外工作,报道了石蚕巢化石在我国的发现。介绍了石蚕巢在中侏罗世道虎沟动物群,早白垩世热河动物群及卢尚坟昆虫群中的类型与特征。石蚕巢是我国遗迹化石研究中的薄弱环节,实际上它们在中生代中期以后的陆相地层分布很广。由于这类昆虫对水质变化的敏感性和适应的相对狭隘性,可用于恢复古环境。一些特殊类型的出现,对地层对比也将起到作用。

英文摘要：

Most of caddis larvae constructed cases by using various materials such as sand grains, plant fragments, and small shells of different shapes. Caddis cases are important trace fossils that are common worldwide in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. But hitherto they have not been reported from China, and this study is the first report of their occurrence in many localities. For example, hundreds of caddis cases from the Lower Cretaceous Lushangfen Formatio, collected since 1995. A few casesare examined from a collection from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou fauna. Caddis cases occur widely in the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation at Western Liaoning （e. g. Huangbanjigou, Jianshangou, and Sihetun of Beipiao City）, Inner Mongolia （e. g. Liutiaogou of Ningcheng County）, and Northern Hehei （e. g. Gaositai of Chengde City）. Moreover, a few caddis cases have been collected from the Lower Cretaceous Laiyang Formation at Nanligezhuang of Laiyang City, Shandong Province and Jiufotang Formation at Pijiagou of Yixian County, Liaoning Province. Cenozoic cases are poorly known from China, and only a few Miocene specimens have been found in the Shanwang Formation at Changle County of Shandong Province. The earliest caddis case is Early Jurassic of Transbaikalia known from the However, specimens of pre-Cretaceous age are very rare. A few small caddis cases have recently been collected from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou fauna. These relatively straight tubular eases are constructed basically by fine sand grains. Various caddisflies have been examined in the Daohugou fauna dominated by small forms. At least the Philopotamidae and Necrotauliidae can be identified from our material. However, recent philopotamids are net-spinners. The Necrotauliidae is a unknown larval habit complex extinct family with Thus, the understanding of the constructers of the Middle Jurassic cases may provide some clues to the classification of the Necrotauliidae and early Trichoptera. The caddis cases in the Yixian Formation occur in numerous localities. M