中文摘要：

氡及其子体所致的公众集体剂量占天然电离辐射剂量的份额约55％，氡对人体内照射的主要剂量贡献是它们的子体。本文简要介绍了环境中。^222Rn／^220Rn子体气溶胶的主要特性，概述了丝网扩散组测量^222Rn／^220Rn子体气溶胶粒径分布的基本原理，总结了利用丝网扩散组模拟测量。^222Rn／^220Rn子体在人体呼吸道沉积的研究进展。展望此领域，应当进一步细化呼吸道中气溶胶的沉积模型以更加准确地测量评价，且亟需开发适用于现场大范围调查的测量手段。

英文摘要：

For more accurate evaluation of the health effect from exposure to ^222Rn/^220Rn progeny, studies on the simulation and measurement of ^222Rn/^220Rn progeny deposited in human respiratory tract are needed. The main characteristics of ^222Rn/^220Rn progeny in the environment are briefly introduced in this paper and the basic methods for measuring the size distribution of ^222Rn/^220Rn progeny are summarized. This paper also reviews the present status and development on simulation and measurement of ^222Rn/^220Rn progeny deposited in the respiratory tract. The graded wire screen diffusion battery could be successfully used for simulation and measurement. Further studies should be made for more accurate simulation of the respiratory tract; suitable methods should be developed for carrying out the large scale and long term of field surveys.