中文摘要：

土壤侵蚀是影响区域生态环境的重要因素,它受气候、地形地貌、土壤、植被和人类活动等因素的影响。为寻找流域上土壤侵蚀的主导影响因子,收集了黄河流域气候、地形、植被、土壤等数据,通过引入信息熵原理分析了各个影响因子与土壤侵蚀的空间相关性。结果表明,在黄河流域1∶10万地图比例尺条件下,各因子对土壤侵蚀影响的大小排序为：①水蚀区,加权降雨量〉地形起伏度〉植被覆盖度〉土壤类型〉沟壑密度;②风蚀区,地形起伏度〉风蚀气候因子〉植被覆盖度〉土壤类型〉沟壑密度;③冻融区,沟壑密度〉地形起伏度〉气温变化率〉植被覆盖度〉土壤类型。该研究在定性变量和定量变量之间建立了定量的空间相关性分析,研究结果给出了影响黄河流域水力侵蚀、风力侵蚀、冻融侵蚀的主导性因子,可为流域土壤侵蚀过程研究和水土保持决策提供参考。

英文摘要：

Soil erosion, affected by climate, landforms, soil, vegetation and human activities, is an important element influencing the environment. In order to find out the main influencing factors of soil erosion, the related data of the Yellow River Basin is collected, and the spatial similarity between soil erosion and the influencing factors is analyzed based on information entropy theory. It is indicated that, at a scale of 1：100 000, the order of the factors＇ importance to soil erosion in the Yellow River Basin is as follows： （1） in the water eroded area weighted precipitation〉 topographic relief 〉 vegetation coverage 〉 soil type 〉 gully density; （2） in the wind eroded area topographic relief 〉 wind erosion climatic factor 〉 vegetation coverage 〉 soil type 〉 gully density; and （3） in the freezing-thawing eroded area gully density 〉 topographic relief 〉 temperature difference 〉 vegetation coverage 〉 soil type. A quantitative spatial similarity analysis method between the qualitative and quantitative variables is constructed. The main influencing factors for the water eroded area, wind eroded area and freezing-thawing eroded area in the Yellow River Basin are presented. The research result is of great significance to the soil erosion process study and soil conservation in the basin.