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中文摘要：
石墨烯是由sp2杂化碳原子组成的二维周期蜂窝状点阵结构,其特殊的单原子层结构使其表现出许多奇特的物理化学性质,在电子学、生物医学、储能、传感器等领域显示出广阔的应用前景.然而,由于石墨烯易团聚成石墨,使其不能均匀分散在水或常用的有机溶剂中,在很大程度上限制了它的实际应用.本研究首先利用金属锂和萘的四氢呋喃溶液还原氧化石墨烯,然后对其进行循环烷基化反应,获得了烷基功能化程度不同的石墨烯.该方法通过还原除去了氧化石墨烯中大多数的含氧官能团,很大程度上恢复了石墨烯的导电性（1 361S/m）,并且,由于在石墨烯表面引入烷基链,改善了石墨烯的分散性,为石墨烯的进一步加工和应用提供新的思路.通过电化学充放电测试等手段研究了制备的石墨烯材料用作锂离子电池负极活性物质的电化学性能.
英文摘要：
Oraphene is a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice that is composed of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms. Owing to the one-at- om-thick structure,graphene exhibits many exceptional physical and chemical properties that make it a promising material in a wide range of applications, including electronics, biomedicine, energy storage,and sensors. However, the irreversible agglomeration of gra- phene sheets leads to its poor dispersion in water or organic solvents,limiting their processing capabilities. In this paper,graphene ox- ides were reduced by solvated electrons generated by lithium and naphthalene in THF, followed by alkylation in the presence of alkyl halides. Upon reduction,the electrical properties of graphene was partially restored （1 361 S/m） due to the removal of most of the oxygen-containing groups on graphene lattice. Also, the introduction of alkyl chains on the surface of graphene sheets improved the dispersibility of graphene in common solvents, making it easy for further processing. The electrochemical properties of the reduced graphene sheets and alkylated graphene sheets used as anode materials for lithium ion batteries were also investigated,respectively.
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