中文摘要：

氧化应激是由体内生成的活性氧（reactive oxygen species，ROS）／活性氮（reactivenitro．genspecies，RNS）与抗氧化防御机制之间的平衡被打破引起的，这与许多疾病的发病机理相关，包括神经退行性病变、肿瘤、炎症性疾病等。而线粒体作为细胞代谢的中枢，是其作用的主要靶细胞器，氧化应激引起线粒体内脂质、蛋白质与核酸的损伤，导致线粒体结构和功能的改变，该文就线粒体在上述与氧化应激相关的疾病中改变的研究进展作一综述。

英文摘要：

Oxidative stress is defined as the imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） or reactive nitrogen species （RNS） and antioxidant defense system, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer and inflammatory diseases. Mitochondria, as the center of cell metabolism, are the main targets. Lipids, proteins and nucleic acids within mitochondria are sig- nificantly damaged by oxidative stress, resulting in changes of mitochondrial structures and functions. This review focuses on the update of mitochondrial changes in the above mentioned diseases related to oxidative stres.