中文摘要：

中国煤炭生产和消费的逆向分布，使得煤炭输配形成扇形的基本格局。根据煤炭输配中存在的规模不断加大、距离不断拉长、运输能力不均衡、储备体系未建立等问题，提出“煤电并举，输煤为主；优化布局，合理流向；增加运力，消除瓶颈；储配结合，应急保障”的煤炭输配优化方案和相关政策建议。

英文摘要：

The reverse distribution of coal production and consumption makes coal transportation form sector structure in China . Because the coal transportation and distribution have the problems of increasingly scale ,growingly distance ,unbalanced transportation ,and unestablished reserve system , etc ., this study proposes the following optimization schemes ：coal and electricity , mainly coal transportation , optimization distribution , reasonable flow , increasing transportation , eliminating bottleneck ,combination reserve and distribution ,and emergency guarantee .