中文摘要：

【目的】在潜在缺锌石灰性土壤上,特别是种植小麦并以此为主粮的地区,缺锌问题日益受到人们的关注。提高小麦籽粒锌含量以满足人体锌需求,对于改善人体锌营养不良的现状具有重要意义。【方法】以ZnSO4和Zn-EDTA为锌源,布置了2个为期两年的田间定位试验。试验均采用裂区设计,即主因子为喷施锌肥,设喷施与不喷2个主处理;副因子为土施方法,设不施锌、均施、条施3个副处理。在第1季试验基础上,第2季不再土施锌肥,调查了小麦籽粒锌含量、土壤有效锌含量及锌组分含量,分析了第1季锌肥的后效。【结果】第2季单独喷施ZnSO4小麦籽粒Zn含量提高了11.13 mg/kg,提高幅度为33%,而喷Zn-EDTA无明显效果。不喷Zn时,第1季均施和条施的ZnSO4在第2季均表现出一定后效,小麦籽粒锌含量比对照分别提高了6.05、3.51 mg/kg,提高幅度为20%和11%;喷Zn时,第2季均施和条施ZnSO4处理的小麦籽粒锌含量增加了28.59和21.59 mg/kg,增幅100%和76%,表现出显著富锌作用,但增加幅度比单独喷施要小很多。第1季土施的两种锌肥在第2季小麦收获后DTPA-Zn仍维持在1 mg/kg以上,即不喷Zn时,均施和条施ZnSO4处理的土壤有效锌含量分别为1.99和1.65 mg/kg,均施和条施Zn-EDTA的有效锌含量分别为1.23和1.01 mg/kg;喷Zn时,均施和条施ZnSO4处理的土壤有效锌含量分别为1.44和2.22 mg/kg,均施和条施ZnEDTA处理的有效锌含量分别为1.16和1.10 mg/kg。土壤各锌组分含量均表现为：松结有机态Zn〉碳酸盐结合态Zn〉氧化锰结合态Zn〉紧结有机态Zn〉交换态Zn。具体而言,第1季均施和条施ZnSO4,第2季结束后交换态Zn（Ex-Zn）、松结有机态Zn（Wbo-Zn）、碳酸盐结合态Zn（Car-Zn）含量均显著提高,其提高幅度分别为184%和116%;75%和85%;53%和43%。而均施和条施Zn-EDTA仅Ex-Zn、Wbo-Zn含量显著提高,其提高幅度分别为232%和132%;18%和10%。均施Zn-EDTA处理的锌肥利?

英文摘要：

【Objectives】Human Zn deficiency has been concerned in potentially Zn deficient soil, especially in areas where wheat is the staple food. Increasing Zn concentration in wheat grain to meet human Zn requirement is critical for alleviating human Zn deficiency. 【Methods】A two-year field experiment with the split block designwas conducted using ZnSO4 and Zn-EDTA as Zn sources. The main factor was Zn application methods, which included foliar application and soil application, and the soil application was splited into mixed and banded application methods during the first cropping year. Only foliar Zn application was conducted during the second cropping year. All data in this paper were collected in the second cropping year. 【Result】In the second season when Zn was foliar applied, the grain Zn concentration was significantly increased by 11.13 mg/kg（33%） by foliar spray of ZnSO4 alone, not by foliar Zn-EDTA application. Without foliar Zn application, the grain Zn contents were increased by 6.05 and 3.51 mg/kg（20% and 11%） under the mixed and banding ZnSO4 fertilization,compared with the no Zn treatment in the second cropping year, respectively. With the foliar Zn application, the wheat grain Zn contents were increased by 28.59 mg/kg（100%） and 21.59 mg/kg（76%） under the mixed and banding ZnSO4 fertilization, but these increases were much less than those of applying foliar Zn alone. Soil DTPA-Zn after wheat harvest in the second cropping year maintained above 1 mg/kg when Zn fertilizer was added to soil at the first season. Specifically, soil DTPA-Zn contents were respectively 1.99 and 1.65 mg/kg under the mixed and banding ZnSO4, while the contents were respectively 1.23 and 1.01 mg/kg under the mixed and banding Zn-EDTA fertilization. Under condition of the foliar Zn fertilization, the contents of DTPA-Zn were 1.44 and 2.22 mg/kg respectively under mixed and banding ZnSO4 fertilization, and 1.16 and 1.10 mg/kg respectively under the mixed and banding Zn-EDTA fertilization. The contents of soil