中文摘要：

首先简述核子-核子（NN）相互作用研究的历史发展。然后着重讨论近1／4世纪以来，核力的介子交换模型和各种夸克模型取得的新成就。同时介绍一些所谓高精度现实NN势，从这些“高精度NN势”出发可以计算的核少体系统己超过A=12。特别指出了近十余年来人们以相当大的努力在有效场论框架下建立核物理与QCD的联系。沿此方向的工作也取得骄人成果：己可由手征微扰论推导出满意的模型无关NN势。利用低能到中高能核予探针，人们今天对核子一核子相互作用已了解到什么程度？还有哪些需要研究的问题。尝试回答这些问题是本文的目的。

英文摘要：

The nuclear force between two nucleons has been studied for many decades. Based upon the Yukawa idea,meson theories were developed in the 1950 s and 60 s. However,in the 1970 s,quantum chromodynamics （QCD） emerged as the generally accepted theory of strong interaction. Therefore, QCD inspired quark models were fashionable, and they are just another set of models. When the effective field theory （EFT） concept was introduced and applied to low-energy QCD. This is known as chiral perturbation theory （χPT）. The low-energy regime characteristics for nuclear force are direct solutionable. But, the recent measurement of proton-proton spin-correlation parameters up to 2.5 GeV laboratory energy shows that, signatures for a gradual failure of the traditional meson model with increasing energy can be clearly identified. Until now we do not have a clear phenomenological understanding of the spin-dependence of the NN interaction above 1 GeV. We need new ideas and much more theoretical work.