以河南省焦作市为例,基于问卷调查法和综合分析法分析了不同土地承包权调整模式下(3—5年、5—10年、10—20年、30年和长久不变)农户的投入意愿和选择取向。研究结果表明:(1)研究区域农户对土地承包权调整相关政策的认知和了解度较高。(2)无论是经营自家承包地还是租用他人承包地,随着承包期限(或租用期限)的延长,农户的投入意愿逐渐提高。(3)受访农户总体上希望土地承包期限延长,但仍有近50%的农户希望定期调整土地承包权。研究结论表明,提高农户对现行农村土地承包权期限、承包方的责任和义务的了解和认知度,有利于激励农户对农地的投入意愿;土地承包权的稳定性是影响农户对农地投入的决定性因素。国家应进一步保持农村土地承包权的总体稳定性,强化农地承包权的用益物权属性;不同类型的农户对土地承包权调整模式的选择取向具有较大差异性,反映出土地承包权稳定性下正效应(促进农户投入,提高农地集约度)和负效应(较大比重农村人口"生而无地"的不公平性)的共存性,应在保持土地承包总体稳定的基础上,考虑家庭人口变动和农村人口迁移进行土地承包权的局部调整。
The purposes of this paper were to analyze the cognition and choice of household investment willingness under different land contract right adjustment modes( 3- 5 years,5- 10 years,10 to 20 years,30 years and unchanged for a long time). Questionnaire method and comprehensive analysis were used as research methods. The results were as follows:(1)Households had higher cognition and understanding degree at land contract right adjustment policies in Jiaozuo City.(2)Households investment willingness gradually increased with the extension of the contract period( or lease term).(3)On the whole,the surveyed households hoped to extend the land contract period,but the 50% of the households still hoped that the land contract right were adjusted periodically. The research conclusions were as follows: To improve the households understanding and recognition of the term,the responsibility and the obligation of the land right contract was conducive to the households investment willingness. The stability of the land contract right was the decisive factor that affected the households investment input of rural land. The state should further maintain the overall stability of the rural land contracting right,and strengthened the real right property of contract land. Different types of households on land contract right adjustment models had great difference. It reflected the coexistence of positive effect and negative effect. Local adjustment of land contract right adjustment should be put into effect under the overall stability considering family change of population and rural population migration.