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中文摘要：
从分子结构设计出发，合成了一系列可用于聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）膜共混改性的两亲性共聚物，这些共聚物具有不同的分子结构（包括接枝、嵌段、交替、超支化等）和链形态（包括梳状、哑铃状、链球状等）．将这些两亲性共聚物与PVDF膜材料进行溶液共混，通过溶液相转化法制备共混合金膜．在对成膜体系热力学和动力学分析的基础上，调控成膜工艺参数，实现了对PVDF共混合金膜的结构控制．通过研究发现：两亲性共聚物在成膜过程中自发地向膜表面迁移富集，并进行自组装，显著改善了PVDF膜的亲水性和抗污染性能．通过两亲性共聚物中的反应性基团，还可在膜表面固定某些功能分子或基团，进一步对膜进行表面修饰．
英文摘要：
On basis of molecular design, a series of amphiphilic copolymers with different molecular structures （including graft, block, alternate and super- branched） and chain morphologies （including comb- like, dumbbell - like and chain - sphere） were synthesized using various routes. These amphiphilic copolymers were used to blend with poly（vinylidene fluoride） in the preparation of polymric alloy membranes by phase inversion method. Based on the analysis of membrane - forming thermodynamics and kinetics, the blend membrane structures were controlled via regulating the thermodynamics and kinetics of membrane - forming system. It is found that amphiphilic copolymer additives accumulate and self - organize spontaneously in membrane surface during the course of immersion precipitation. The hydrophilicity and anti- fouling ability of PVDF membranes are improved notably. In addition, some functional molecules or groups can be immobilized on membrane surface using the reactive groups in amphiphilic copolymers as spacer.
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