中文摘要：

秦始皇陵是中国历史上第一个皇帝赢政的陵墓，也是中国古代帝王陵墓中规模最大、埋藏最丰富的一座大型陵园。本文对秦始皇陵的规划布局与营“建过程进行宏观考察，发现秦陵规划设计与营建符合“都邑规画”的一般规律。通过探讨秦始皇、吕不韦、李斯等人的行为活动与思想观念，在“天一地一人”关联的思想体系下，考察秦始皇陵的规划设计与营建：一方面是“山川定位”，将秦始皇陵纳入山水体系这一比较恒定的参考系中，探究区域范围秦始皇陵轴线的定位，复原秦始皇陵空间规划、设计与营建的过程；另一方面是“形数结合”，尝试建立考察秦始皇陵的尺度体系，认为尺度揭示了秦始皇陵与自然环境之间的形态、数量关系及其内在的统一。秦始皇陵的空间形式是由地理环境基础及规画过程决定的，即在一定的地理环境基础上，通过仰观俯察、相土尝水、辨方正位、计里画方、置陈布势等过程，形成了规画的空间格局与形态（可称之为“规画图式”），这是造成秦始皇陵空间形式这个果的空间的因，也是直接原因。

英文摘要：

The first emperor of Qin Dy- nasty, Ying Zheng, is the first emperor in Chinese ancient history. His mauso- leum, as a great testimony of culture in Qin Dynasty, is the largest imperial mausoleum with the most abundant col- lections in ancient China. The mausoleum of the first Qin emperor has been included into the world cultural heritage category, which can be seen as the ＂eighth wonder of the world＂, with its distinction in terms of long construction time, a large number of labor cost, large scale, and abundant collections. This pa- per observes the layout and construction process of this mausoleum, and argues that its planning and design follows the principles of ＂city planning＂ in ancient China through discussing the activities and thoughts of several key actors, such as Ying Zheng, Lv Buwei, and Li Si. The authors explore the city planning through two aspects： site location ac- cording to the landscape; and integration of environment and magnitude. The for- mer investigates the location and orienta- tion of mausoleum with the natural land- scape as reference system; the latter at- tends to establishing a scale system which integrates natural, form, numbers, and its inherence. The spatial form of mausoleum of the first Qin emperor is determined by both geographical environ- mental basics as well as planning process, which means that, the form and layout can be shaped through a series of strategies based on certain circumstances consisting of Yangguanfucha （Observe between heaven and earth ）, Xiang- tuchangshui （Read the soil and examine the water ）, Bianfangzhengwei （ Take bearings and fix the position ）, Jilihuafang （Apply a square grid system with one square li as a unit）, and Zhich- enbushi （Set up the layout and configura- tion） . These strategies are decisive ele- ments of the mausoleum.