中文摘要：

生态化学计量学是一门新兴科学,主要研究生态作用和生态过程中能量平衡及碳、氮、磷等多重化学元素的平衡,有机统一了生物学不同层次（分子、细胞、个体、种群、生态系统以及全球尺度）的研究理论。陆地生态系统的生态化学计量学研究具有重要意义,土壤和植物的碳、氮、磷比例关系可以表征生态系统的养分限制状况以及有机质的分解程度及其对土壤肥力的潜在贡献等。主要综述了生态化学计量学的概念、起源及研究简史,重点概述了陆地生态系统（主要为草原生态系统）中土壤与植物碳、氮、磷的生态化学计量学特征及其对气候因子及人为干扰等因素的响应。

英文摘要：

Ecological stoichiometry is a new science which mainly studies the energy balance and the mass balance of multiple chemical elements,especially carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus.This new science incorporates the theories of different levels of biology from molecular,cellulate,organismal,population and ecosystem to global.It is significant to study the ecological stoichiometry of terrestrial ecosystem,because the C∶N∶P stoichiometry ratios of soils and plants can reflect the nutrients limiting status as well as the decomposition degree of the organic matters and its contribution to soil fertility of terrestrial ecosystems.This paper summarized the concepts,origin and research history of ecological stoichiometry.The characteristics of C∶N∶P stoichiometry ratios in soils and plants of terrestrial ecosystems（especially grassland） and their responses to climatic factors,human disturbances and so forth were also reviewed in this paper.