中文摘要：

分析了地下采矿引起的地表沉陷的w—t曲线为一近似的“S”型曲线。地表点沉陷的物理过程是一个先加速后减速的过程，且速度曲线的起点和终点的数值为0。因此，能描述地表点沉陷动态过程的时间函数模型不但能较好地拟合沉陷的w-f曲线，而且由此函数模型求出的v-f曲线和a-t曲线也要符合地表沉陷随时间变化的物理过程。通过分析目前常用的预测地基或路基沉降的时间函数模型如指数时间函数模型、双曲线时间函数模型、Gompertz时间函数模型、logistic曲线时间函数模型和Weibull曲线时间函数模型的W-t、v-t和a—t曲线，得出，只有Weibull曲线时间函数模型能完整地描述地表沉陷的动态过程，并且用2个煤矿地表的沉陷观测实例进行了验证。

英文摘要：

By analyzing the dynamic course of the surface subsidence due to underground mining, the conclusion has been drawn that the w-t curve of the ground subsidence appears S-shaped. The ground subsidence is increasing from 0 to the maximum and then decreasing to 0 in the subsidence process. So the time function which can describe the subsidence course of the ground must fit not only the w-t curve but also the v-t curve and the a-t curve. Time functions which are usually used to fit the w-t curve of the foundation or roadbed settlement now such as the exponential time function, the hyperbolic time function, the Gompertz time function, the logistic time function and the Weibull time function. Studying the w-t curve, v-t curve and a-t curve of these time functions finds that only the Weibull time function is feasible for describing the dynamic course of the ground subsidence due to underground mining. Two examples using the Weibull time function to fit the observation data of the dynamic course of two coal mine＇s ground surface subsidence verify the test.