中文摘要：

前言 沐河现为淮河的一条支流，它发源于鲁中的沂山山脉，由北向南注入淮河。沭河上游主要流经山东莒县，属鲁中南丘陵区，其地貌基本是一个山间盆地，两边是低山、丘陵，中部为沭河的冲积平原，地势北高南低，北边是沂蒙山区。该区地带性土壤为棕壤，植被为暖温带落叶阔叶林，属于暖温带季风气候类型。区内以沐河为中心分布有很多时令性河流，遗址多分布在沐河及支流两岸的河漫滩上。我们对该区112处史前遗址进行了聚落考古调查，其中有大汶口文化遗址40处、龙山文化遗址70处、岳石文化遗址9处（有的一处文化遗址内有两种文化）。

英文摘要：

Based on a pollen analysis of late Neolithic and early Bronze Age sites in the upper Shu River valley within Shandong Province, the present paper makes a preliminary reconstruction of the evolutionary process of the vegetation and climate and the types of available plant food resources for about 1600 years from the Dawenkou Culture to the Yueshi Culture period. Furthermore, combined with field geological and geo-morphological explorations, it researches into a series of problems on the then relationship between man and geography in that area, such as the change of natural environments, the migration of settlements and the evolution of cultures.