中文摘要：

目的：观察实验性软骨损伤（实验性骨关节炎）的病理分期及各期的血清因子表达情况。方法：取18只新西兰大白兔制作成膝关节软骨损伤动物模型．按2、4、8、12、16、20周不同时间分为6组，每组各3只，另选6只同条件的新西兰大白兔作为对照组（假手术组）。分别在术前及术后各时间节点检测其血清中细胞因子骨形态发生蛋白2（bone morphogenetic protein-2，BMP-2）及生物学标志物Ⅱ型胶原C端肽（CTX-Ⅱ）、软骨寡聚基质蛋白（COMP）的水平，并对每组数据进行t检验。分批处死新西兰兔，取左侧股骨髁部软骨先行大体观察．后送病理行HE染色．并参照Mankin关节软骨病理评分标准进行积分统计。结果：造模术后第2、4、8、12、16、20周兔血清BMP一2平均水平较术前分别升高了79．86、62．74、53．34、31．41、47．82、13．05pg／mL，与相应对照组比较．各组内差异均具有统计学意义。造模术后各时间节点血清CTX-Ⅱ分别升高了0．075、0．008、0．280、O．336、0．357、0．051ng／mL，经检验，除术后4周组内差异无统计学意义外（P=O．43）．其余组内处理组与对照组比较，差异均有统计学意义。造模术后第2、4、8、12、16周血清COMP分别升高了0．554、0．528、0．612、0．926、0．217ng／mL，各组内差异均有统计学意义；术后20周组较术前下降了0．081ng／mL，但与相应对照组比较差异无统计学意义。组织学HE染色显示。随着造模时间的延长，软骨损伤比例增加，且程度加重。Mankin评分为，术前0．33分，术后2周2．00分，术后4周4．33分，术后8周7．67分，术后12周9．33分，术后16周11．33分，术后20周13．00分，经检验．除2周组与4周组间、8周组与12周组间、16周组与20周组间的差异无统计学意义（P=0．100、0．100、0．200），其他术后各时间点组间的差异均有统计学意义。结论：本?

英文摘要：

Objective To observe the pathological staging and the relation between staging and expression of cytokines in experimental cartilage injury （experimental osteoarthritis）. Methods Knee joint cartilage injury model was constructed in 18 New Zealand white rabbits and the rabbits were categorized into 2-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 16-, 20-week groups （3 rabbits in each group）. Another 6 rabbits were served as controls （sham operation）. Serum BMP-2 （bone morphogenetic protein-2）, CTX-Ⅱ （ type Ⅱ collagen C-terminal peptide）, and COMP （cartilage oligomeric matrix protein） were determined, and rabbits were sacrificed at the end of experiment with their left femur condyle cartilage taken for gross and HE stain microscopic examination. Pathologic scores were assessed in accordance with the Mankin score evaluation system. Results Serum BMP-2 level was elevated by 79.86, 62.74, 53.34, 31.41, 47.82, 13.05 pg/mL at 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 weeks after construction of model, the difference with controls was statistically significant. Serum level of CTX- Ⅱ was elevated by 0.075, 0.008, 0.280, 0,336, 0.357, 0.051 ng/mL at 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 week time node, the difference with controls was statistically significant except that at 4 week time node （P=0.43）. The level of COMP in serum was elevated by 0.554, 0.528, 0.612, 0.926, 0.217 ng/mL at the time node of 2, 4, 8, 12, 16 week, the difference was statistically significant when compared with control; COMP level at 20 week was not significantly different from that of control. HE stain microscopic examinationdemonstrated that the ratio and extent of cartilage injury increased with the prolongation of time. Mankin Scores were： 0.33 （pre-operation）, 2.00 （ 2 weeks）, 4.33 （ 4 weeks） ,7.67 （ 8 weeks）, 9.33 （12 weeks）, 11.33 （ 16 weeks）,13.00 （ 20 weeks）. Conclusions The animal model designed in this study can replicate the early, middle and late stage cartilage change in osteoarthritis, and the serum levels of BMP-2, CTX-Ⅱ, COMP can refle