中文摘要：

目的研究肥胖对雌性大鼠青春期启动和生殖功能的影响。方法将雌性SD大鼠在出生当日分成2组：（1）实验组（sL组），小窝喂养，每窝4只；（2）对照组（NL组），正常喂养，每窝12只。每周测体重，生后28d开始监测青春期启动（阴道口初开放）时间和排卵周期的变化。生后6周行卵巢切除术，测量卵泡内膜的厚度变化；用免疫组化方法测定卵巢交感神经兴奋性的改变；用原位杂交方法测定中枢交感神经核团——蓝斑核的THmRNA的表达变化。结果与NL组相比，SL组青春期启动明显提早[SL（34．3±0．3）d比NL（36．3±0．3）d]，排卵周期显著减少（SL35．0％比NL66．7％），卵泡内膜厚度明显增加[SL（14．8±0．3）μm比NL（11．3±0．2）μm]，卵巢的TH免疫染色明显增强和蓝斑核的THmRNA表达明显增加，其差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。结论肥胖对雌鼠青春期的启动和生殖功能有明显的影响。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the effects of obesity on the lipid and glucose metabolism in female rats. Methods The litter size was adjusted to 4 pups per litter for the small litter （SL, treatment group） and 12 neonates per dam in the normal litter （NL, controls） at postnatal day 0, Body weights were measured weekly. At the age of 6 weeks, bilateral ovariectomy was performed. The blood levels of free fat acid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, free blood glucose and free insulin were evaluated. The muscular expression of AMP-activated protein kinase was detected by immune staining. Results As compared to normal litters, the levels of fat acid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, free blood glucose and free insulin significantly increased. The muscular activity of AMP-activated protein kinase decreased. All difference were statistically significant （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Obesity in early life has obvious effects on the lipid and glucose metabolism in female rats.