中文摘要：

近年来,随着计算机技术的进步,完全的非线性反演方法发展迅速,基于统计理论的贝叶斯方法受到越来越多的学者的关注.本文从蒙特卡洛方法、变维反演以及并行计算等方面介绍非线性贝叶斯方法的研究进展,阐述了几种常见的非线性贝叶斯反演方法的基本原理、发展历程及研究现状,对每种方法的局限性、适用性、优缺点进行了分析总结,最后探讨了贝叶斯方法未来的发展方向、需要解决的难点和面临的挑战.

英文摘要：

Recently,with the progress of computer technology,nonlinear inversion is developing rapidly. The Bayesian inversion has attracted more and more attention by many scholars and becoming more and more important in Geophysics inversion. In this paper,we focus on the nonlinear inversion problem,the Monte Carlo method, Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, transdimensional inversion method, Parallel tempering algorithm and Differential Evolution Monte Carlo algorithm are discussed in detail.Meanwhile,the fundamental principles,development progress and research status of each Bayesian inversion method are described in the paper. This paper also summarized the limitation,applicability,disadvantages of each method. Additionally,the paper probes into the research directions, difficulties and challenges of Bayesian inversion method.