中文摘要：

本文综述了液晶二聚体、多爪型液晶及香蕉形液晶等几类非常规液晶材料的研究进展。结合笔者近几年的研究积累，着重介绍：（1）液晶二聚体的分子结构与液晶态结构及液晶二聚体所特有的奇偶效应与近晶多形性；（2）多爪型液晶的分子结构与液晶态结构的特点及由于兼有棒状分子与盘状分子的结构特点而具备的特殊的相变性质；（3）香蕉形液晶的分子结构与液晶态结构及香蕉形液晶所特有的手性与极化序。在介绍各类液晶材料的特点及研究热点的同时，围绕分子结构与液晶态结构的关系这一主题，深入讨论了各种液晶材料形成特殊分子排列及表现出特殊物理性质的机理。

英文摘要：

Recent progress on liquid crystal dimers, polycatenar liquid crystals and banana liquid crystals, which are usually considered as non-conventional liquid crystals, was reviewed. The research interests in each type of these non-conventional liquid crystals, for example, the odd-even effect and polymorphism of smectic phase of liquid crystal dimers; the general model for the molecular packing in the column and the unique smectic to columnar phase transition for the polycatenar liquid cIystals, and polar order and chirality in banana liquid crystals were introduced and discussed. Special attention had been paid to the relationship between molecular structure and mesophase structure.