中文摘要：

在野外分别构建生态沟渠（采用分布有10 cm×10 cm长方形孔的混凝土板材,沟底、沟壁种植植物）、对照沟渠1（采用硬质化混凝土板材,未人为布设植物）和对照沟渠2（土质沟渠,未人为布设植物）,研究了3种沟渠对颗粒物的拦截效果及其机理。结果表明,生态沟渠对农田排水中氮磷的高效去除机理主要表现在沟渠植物的吸收、过滤箱中的基质吸附和植物吸收、沟渠拦截坝所产生的减缓流速和沉降泥沙等方面。其中,沟渠植物吸收氮磷分别占夏季试验进水氮磷总量的68.30%和78.45%,泥沙沉降占1.05%和5.05%;生态沟渠放置过滤箱后的氮磷去除效果显著好于未放置时,过滤箱中的植物吸收氮磷占放置过滤箱试验进水氮磷量的0.37%和1.55%,过滤箱中的基质吸附占10.82%和37.94%;生态沟渠设置拦截坝时的水力停留时间较未设拦截坝时延长2.0倍。

英文摘要：

Three different types of drainage ditches,ecological ditch,control ditch #1 and control ditch #2 were built up in the field for study of their respective effectiveness in intercepting particulates in drainage and their mechanisms.It was found that the effectiveness of the ecological ditch removing N and P from drainage was manifested in N and P uptake by ditch plants,adsorption by substrates and uptake by plants in the filter box,reduced flow rate and silt settlement caused by intercepting dams in ditch,etc.Of the total N and P in the drainage of the summer experiment,68.30% and 78.45% were removed by ditch plants,1.05%and 5.05% by sediment.Of the total N and P in the drainage of the winter experiment,0.37%and 1.55% were removed by filter-box plants,10.82%and 37.94% by filter-box substrate.Moreover,the ecological ditch with interception dams was twice as much effective as the controls in extending the hydraulic retention time（HRT）.