中文摘要：

目的观察急性胆道及解除梗阻对豚鼠胆囊鼠胆囊平滑肌的收缩、Cajal间质细胞（ICC）的影响。方法将雄性豚鼠随机分为假手术对照组（Sham）、胆总管结扎2d（BDL）和胆总管结扎2d后去结扎2d（DBDL）3组。苏木素-伊红（HE）染色观察各组胆囊组织炎症，亚甲蓝染色在活组织中观察胆囊ICC的网络结构，c—kit免疫荧光染色观察胆囊ICC数目的改变，张力换能器记录豚鼠离体胆囊平滑肌的张力。结果HE染色结果可见，Sham组豚鼠胆囊未见明显炎症改变（Sham2d及4d炎症评分分别为0．40±0．04、0．43±0．06），BDL组炎症改变明显（1．68±0．17），而DBDL炎症（0．88±0．0．08）较BDL组轻。亚甲蓝特异性染色后，NC、BDL及DBDL3组豚鼠胆囊ICC网络状结构均存在，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；同NC组比较，BDL及DBDL两组胆囊c—kit免疫阳性细胞均减少；但是，去结扎后，胆囊c—kit免疫阳性细胞有所恢复。Sham、BDL、DBDL豚鼠胆囊平滑肌对1×10-8mol／L8肽胆囊收缩素（CCK-8）的效应值分别为（1．675±0．233）、（1．301±0．229）、（1．402±0．234）g，对1×10μmol／L乙酰胆碱（Ach）的效应值分别为（3．085±O．272）、（2．364±0．238）、（2．612±0．278）g。3组豚鼠离体胆囊平滑肌肌条对CCK及Ach的效应均增强，呈浓度依赖性；BDL和DBDL两组振幅效应值同NC组比较小，起作用时间较慢（P〈0．05）。结论急性胆道梗阻导致胆囊收缩功能障碍，ICC的数目减少可能是其中因素之一。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the effects of acute biliary tract obstruction on gallbladder in- terstitial cells of Cajal （ ICCs ） and gallbladder smooth muscle contraction. Methods Three groups were designed in the study： sham operation control group （Sham）, 2-day bile duct ligation （BDL） group, and 2-day BDL ＋ 2-day DBDL group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the gallbladder pathologi- cal changes. The network of ICCs in the gallbladder of guinea pigs was observed by methylene blue stai- ning. The number of ICC was observed by using c-kit immunofluorescence staining. The contraction activity of gallbladder muscle strips was recorded. Results No inflammatory changes were found in the Sham group （The inflammation score at 2nd and 4th day was 0. 40 ± 0. 04 and 0. 43± 0. 06 respectively）. The inflam- mation scores in DBDL and BDL groups was （0. 88 ±0.0. 08） , and （ 1.68 ±0. 17） respectively, with the difference being significant. There was no significant difference in the netword of ICCs among Sham, BDL and DBDL groups. The number of c-kit immune positive cells in BDL and DBDL group was reduced as compared with Sham group. After DBDL, the number of c-kit immune positive cells was increased. The re- sponse values of the gallbladder strips to 1 × 10-8 mol/L CCK-8 in Sham, BDL and DBDL groups were （1.675 ±0.233）, （1.301 ±0.229）, and （1.402±0.234） g, and those to 10-6 mol/L Aeh were （3. 085±0. 272）, （2. 364 ±0. 238） , and （2. 612 ±0. 278） g, respectively, which were concentration- dependent. The contraction sensitivity of gallbladder strips to CCK~8/Ach was decreased in BDL and DBDL groups as compared with Sham group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Acute bile duct obstruction can result in the dysfunction of gallbladder contraction, which may be related to the reduced number of ICCs.